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  1. Oct 20, 2024 · S 1 is the sound created by the closing of the atrioventricular valves during ventricular contraction and is normally described as a “lub,” or first heart sound. The second heart sound, S 2, is the sound of the closing of the semilunar valves during ventricular diastole and is described as a “dub”. In both cases, as the valves close ...

  2. S 1 is the sound created by the closing of the atrioventricular valves during ventricular contraction and is normally described as a “lub,” or first heart sound. The second heart sound, S 2, is the sound of the closing of the semilunar valves during ventricular diastole and is described as a “dub” (Figure 19.3.3).

    • Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
    • 2019
  3. The middle and thickest layer is the myocardium, made largely of cardiac muscle cells along with the blood vessels that supply the myocardium and the nerve fibers that help regulate the heart. It is built upon a framework of dense connective tissue called the cardiac skeleton (covered in detail later in this section).

  4. Oct 30, 2023 · Phonocardiogram (heart sounds) Frank-Starling mechanism. Disorders affecting the cardiac cycle . Electrolyte imbalance. Heart failure. Sources. Cardiac cycle. Author: Lorenzo Crumbie, MBBS, BSc • Reviewer: Dimitrios Mytilinaios, MD, PhD. Last reviewed: October 30, 2023. Reading time: 24 minutes. Right atrium of heart. Atrium dextrum cordis. 1/6.

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    • 15 min
  5. Oct 30, 2023 · The myocardium is the middle muscular layer of the heart. It is the thickest layer which lies between the single-cell endocardium layer, and the outer epicardium, which makes up the visceral pericardium that surrounds and protects the heart.

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    • 14 min
  6. Nov 7, 2024 · Myocardium. The myocardium is the thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall responsible for the contractile function of the heart. It consists primarily of specialized cardiac muscle cells, known as cardiomyocytes, which have the unique ability to contract rhythmically and continuously throughout a person’s life.

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  8. A sound heard during heartbeat that may be a normal or an abnormal finding, often caused by turbulent blood flow. (Chapter 9.6) Myocardial infarction (mī-ŏ-kar′dē-ăl in-FARK-shŏn) (MI) Commonly known as a heart attack, caused by blockage of blood flow to the heart tissue resulting in death of cardiac muscle cells. (Chapter 9.4, Chapter 9.6)