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Automatic chains were invented in 1941 in the United States [1] and Sweden in 1977 [citation needed]. Snow chains, or tire chains, are devices fitted to the tires of vehicles to provide increased traction when driving through snow and ice. Snow chains attach to the drive wheels of a vehicle or special systems deploy chains which swing under the ...
Projects. vulcanize rubber discovered in 1839, process perfected and patented in 1844. Signature. Charles Goodyear (December 29, 1800 – July 1, 1860) was an American self-taught chemist [1][2] and manufacturing engineer who developed vulcanized rubber, for which he received patent number 3633 from the United States Patent Office on June 15, 1844.
- Overview
- Background
- Impact
- Further Reading
In 1839, a perpetually impoverished inventor who referred to a succession of debtors' prisons as his "hotels" rescued an ailing industry and made it a multimillion-dollar enterprise. Charles Goodyear(1800-1860) discovered a process for curing rubber, which transformed this remarkable but flawed natural substance from a curiosity fit for museums int...
During his second visit to the New World in 1493-96, Christopher Columbus(1451-1506) noted that native villagers in Hispaniola played a soccer-like game with a light and bouncy ballmade from the milky, white sap of a tree. The Indians cured the sap, called latex, by smoking it to evaporate out the water before forming the latex into balls. Subseque...
Although Goodyear now knew that heat and sulfur changed the properties of rubber in a dramatic way, he had no idea how much heat he needed to apply or for how long. Many months of personal hardship passed, but in the end he came up with a formula that guaranteed uniform results. Overnight, what Goodyear called "vegetable leather" and "elastic metal...
Books
Fenichell, Stephen. Plastic: The Making of a Synthetic Century. New York: HarperBusiness, 1996. Goodyear, Charles. Gum-Elastic and Its Varieties, with a Detailed Account of Its Applications and Uses, and of the Discovery of Vulcanization. New Haven: Pub. for the author, 1853.
Periodicals
Kauffman, George G. "Charles Goodyear—Inventor of Vulcanisation." Education in Chemistry(November 1989): 167-170.
Other
"Charles Goodyear and the Strange Story of Rubber." http://www.goodyear.com/us/corporate/strange.html
Dec 17, 2017 · Charles Goodyear. Mattes/Wikimedia Commons. Charles Goodyear was an American inventor, self-taught chemist and manufacturing engineer who discovered the vulcanization process for rubber. The well ...
Pneumatic Tires. Robert William Thomson (1822–1873) invented the first vulcanized rubber pneumatic (inflatable) tire. Thomson patented his pneumatic tire in 1845, and while his invention worked well, it was too costly to catch on. That changed with John Boyd Dunlop (1840–1921), a Scottish veterinarian and the recognized inventor of the ...
Through years of research and a single stroke of luck, Charles Goodyear saved the doomed rubber industry by inventing a process that made the material durable and resilient enough for industrial use. Goodyear was born in 1800 in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of a hardware store owner. When his father’s business failed in 1830, Goodyear ...
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Forty-three years would pass before the idea of a pneumatic tire would again be tested. In 1887, Dunlop a practicing veterinary surgeon, watched as his 9-year–old son Johnny struggled with his tricycle mounted with solid rubber wheels. Using a big wooden disk as a wheel, he formed a tube using sheet rubber. He inserted a one-way valve ...
