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v. t. e. Lithuanian Jewsand a German Wehrmachtsoldier during the Holocaust in Lithuania(June 24, 1941) The military occupationof Lithuania by Nazi Germanylasted from the German invasion of the Soviet Unionon June 22, 1941, to the end of the Battle of Memelon January 28, 1945.
The occupation of the Baltic states was a period of annexation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania begun by the Soviet Union in 1940, continued for three years by Nazi Germany after it invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, and finally resumed by the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991. The initial Soviet invasion and occupation of the Baltic ...
- Prelude
- Deployments
- The Offensive
- The Battle For Vilnius
- Outcome
- See Also
- References
After World War I, Vilnius (Polish: Wilno) and the surrounding area were a disputed territory that was part of the Second Polish Republic (Wilno Voivodeship). During the invasion of Poland, the city was seized by the Soviet Union and later transferred to Lithuania under the terms of the Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty. It was captured by...
Wehrmacht
1. Southern flank of 3rd Panzer Army (Colonel-General Georg-Hans Reinhardt) 1.1. XXVI Corps (General Gerhard Matzky) 1.2. Garrison of Vilnius (Major-General Rainer Stahel) 2. Remnants of Fourth Army (General Kurt von Tippelskirch) 2.1. XXXIX Panzer Corps (General Dietrich von Saucken) 2.2. Sperrgruppe Weidling 2.3. 340th Volksgrenadier Division Theodor Tolsdorff
Red Army
1. 3rd Belorussian Front (General Ivan Chernyakhovsky) 1.1. 11th Guards Army (General Kuzma Galitsky) 1.2. 5th Army 1.3. 33rd Army (Lieutenant-General Vasily Kryuchenkin) 1.4. 39th Army 1.5. 31st Army 1.6. 5th Guards Tank Army (General Pavel Rotmistrov) 1.7. 1st Air Army
Chernyakhovsky ordered that his main mobile 'exploitation' forces, the 5th Guards Tank Army and 3rd Guards Cavalry Corps continue their advance from Minsk on 5 July in the direction of Vilnius, with the aim of reaching the city by the following day: they were to encircle Vilnius from the south and north respectively. The rifle divisions of 5th Army...
During the battle for the city itself, the Soviet 5th Army and 5th Guards Tank Army engaged the German garrison of "Fortress Vilnius", consisting of Grenadier Regiment 399 and Artillery Regiment 240 of the 170th Infantry Division, Grenadier Regiment 1067, a battalion from the 16th Parachute Regiment, the anti-tank battalion of the 256th Infantry Di...
While the German aim of holding Vilnius as a Fester Platz or fortress was not achieved, the tenacious defence made a contribution in stopping the Red Army's drive west for a few precious days: most importantly, it tied down the 5th Guards Tank Army, which had been instrumental in the initial successes of the Red Army during Operation Bagration. Thi...
Dunn, Walter S. (2000). Soviet Blitzkrieg: The Battle for White Russia, 1944. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-5558-7880-1.Glantz, David M.; Orenstein, Harold S., eds. (2001). Belorussia 1944: The Soviet General Staff Study. Routledge. ISBN 0714651028.- 5 July-13 July 1944(1 week and 1 day)
- Soviet victory
Lithuania lost ~8% of its pre-WW2 inhabitants due to Nazi actions and ~32% due to Soviet actions (until the year 1953), some 40% in total (1,15 million out of 3 million). 1/3 to 1/2 of this number were killed. Well over 90% of the victims were civilians. Statistics of people lost to Lithuania 1940-1959, both per event and per perpetrator.
The three independent Baltic countries – Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania – were invaded and occupied in June 1940 by the Soviet Union, under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in August 1939, immediately before the outbreak of World War II.
The occupation of the Baltic states by Nazi Germany occurred during Operation Barbarossa from 1941 to 1944. Initially, many Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians considered the Germans as liberators from the Soviet Union. The Balts hoped for the restoration of independence, but instead the Germans established a provisional government. During the occupation the Germans carried out discrimination ...
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The Jewish population of Vilnius on the eve of the Holocaust was at least 60,000, some estimates say 80,000, [8] including refugees from German-occupied Poland to the west, minus a small number who managed to flee onward to the Soviet Union. The kidnapping and mass murder of Jews in the city commenced before the ghetto was set up by the advancing German forces, resulting in an execution of ...
