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Understanding soil morphology and horizon nomenclature is essential for effectively describing, classifying, and communicating information about soils. By following the steps outlined in this lecture and applying the master horizon and suffix designations, soil scientists and other professionals can create standardized, informative soil profile ...
Therefore, the clear definition and designation of soil horizons and other layers are basic to soil classification. A soil horizon is a layer of mineral or organic soil material approximately parallel to the land surface that has characteristics altered by processes of soil formation.
The horizon nomenclature and morphology of these soils are different because of the different processes acting on the parent material. For example, rather than A, B, and C horizons that are standard for mineral soils, the organic soils consist of O horizons.
An E horizon is most commonly differentiated from an underlying B horizon in the same soil profile by colour of a higher value or lower chrome, or both; by coarser texture; or by a combination of these properties.
Subordinate distinctions within master horizons. – plowing/disturbance. – clay accumulation. – gleying. – illuvial organic matter. – development of color/structure. – oxic.
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Aug 11, 2009 · In a single profile it is often necessary to subdivide the horizons for which designations are provided (Soil Survey Staff, 1962). Horizons like Ap, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, or C can be subdivided so that detailed studies of morphology, sampling, and similar work can be correctly recorded.
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Soil horizons are layers within the soil profile, like those shown in the drawing. You can find out how they are formed in the Soil Genesis module. Horizons are designated by a letter/number code.
