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In phonology, tenseness or tensing is, most broadly, the pronunciation of a sound with greater muscular effort or constriction than is typical. [1] More specifically, tenseness is the pronunciation of a vowel with less centralization (i.e. either more fronting or more backing), longer duration, and narrower mouth width (with the tongue being perhaps more raised) compared with another vowel. [2]
Values of phonetic symbols are defined in terms of a variety of primarily articulatorily defined phonetic dimensions as in (2). A diphthong is a sequence of vowel-like elements – vowels and glides – in one syllable. The three most important properties for defining vowels are height, backness, and roundness.
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But for [i], the muscles are more tense than for [ɪ]. The same is true for the vowels in late and let, [e] and [ɛ]. And also for the vowels in food and foot, [u] and [ʊ] It can be hard to feel the physical difference between tense and lax vowels, but the distinction is actually an important one in the mental grammar of English.
- Catherine Anderson
- 2018
The line drawn from the letters (H, M and L) to the respective vowel is called association line. ↓ autosegmental notation b. CONTOUR TONES: Tones that change pitch on a single syllable. e.g. Mandarin ma ‘mother’ (high level) m a ‘hemp’ (high rising) m a ‘horse’ (low rising) m a ‘to scold’ (falling) H H L MLH HL | \| \|/ \|
1 Chapter 1 – Vowel Sounds. 1. Chapter 1 – Vowel Sounds. INTRODUCTION. Five or six letters in the alphabet are used to represent vowels in writing: a, e, i, o ,u and sometimes y. In this book, however, we will focus on pronunciation rather than the letters in the alphabet. There is a system for representing the pronunciation of vowels in ...
Mar 18, 2024 · The property of whether a vowel is tense or lax is called tenseness. The different positions of the tongue root for tense and lax vowels are shown in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\). Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\): Two categories of tenseness: tense with an advanced tongue root as in beat (left) and lax with a retracted tongue root as in bit (right).
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Dec 29, 2021 · The terms "tense" and "lax" are generally only used to describe vowels, specifically [i e o u] (tense) versus [ɪ ɛ ɔ ʊ] (lax). However, tense and lax is exceptionally used to refer to Korean consonants; furthermore, the terms "fortis" and "lenis" used to talk about consonants, such that [p t k] would be fortis (strong) and [b d g] would be ...
