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In phonology, tenseness or tensing is, most broadly, the pronunciation of a sound with greater muscular effort or constriction than is typical. [1] More specifically, tenseness is the pronunciation of a vowel with less centralization (i.e. either more fronting or more backing), longer duration, and narrower mouth width (with the tongue being perhaps more raised) compared with another vowel. [2]
But for [i], the muscles are more tense than for [ɪ]. The same is true for the vowels in late and let, [e] and [ɛ]. And also for the vowels in food and foot, [u] and [ʊ] It can be hard to feel the physical difference between tense and lax vowels, but the distinction is actually an important one in the mental grammar of English.
- Catherine Anderson
- 2018
Values of phonetic symbols are defined in terms of a variety of primarily articulatorily defined phonetic dimensions as in (2). A diphthong is a sequence of vowel-like elements – vowels and glides – in one syllable. The three most important properties for defining vowels are height, backness, and roundness.
Tense vowels are longer than lax vowels of the same general height class. /i/ longer than /I/ /u/ longer than /U/ /ej/ longer than /E/. The tense back vowels /ow/ and /Å/ (both /A/ and /ç/ in GA) are longer than the lax central / /. An exception to the ‘lax vowels shorter than tense’ is /Q/. It is often as long as any other vowel.
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Mar 18, 2024 · The same distinction can be for vowels. If a vowel is articulated with a raised velum to block airflow into the nasal cavity, the vowel is called oral. If instead the velum is lowered, allowing airflow into the nasal cavity, the vowel is called nasal or nasalized. The property of whether a vowel is oral or nasal is called its nasality.
The line drawn from the letters (H, M and L) to the respective vowel is called association line. ↓ autosegmental notation b. CONTOUR TONES: Tones that change pitch on a single syllable. e.g. Mandarin ma ‘mother’ (high level) m a ‘hemp’ (high rising) m a ‘horse’ (low rising) m a ‘to scold’ (falling) H H L MLH HL | \| \|/ \|
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2.1 Sounds of English. The study of the sounds of human language is called phonetics. Phonology is concerned with the properties of sounds and the ways that they are combined into words. Important: Sounds, in the sense that we discuss them, are totally different from letters. A word like through has seven letters (t-h-r-o-u-.
