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  1. Mar 29, 2017 · Last Edited September 16, 2020. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was an economic free trade agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico. Designed to eliminate all trade and investment barriers between the three countries, the free trade agreement came into force on 1 January 1994. In addition to being one of the most ...

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    • Backgrounder
    • U.S. Military Partners

    BG 13.055

    December 2014

    The United States is Canada's most important ally and defence partner. Defence and security relations between our two countries are longstanding, well-entrenched and highly successful.  The closeness of the Canada-U.S. defence partnership provides both countries with greater security than could be achieved individually.

    Given the common defence and security requirements, it is in Canada’s strategic interest to remain a reliable partner in the defence of North America and steadfast in its commitment to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). As like-minded Allies and close operational partners, Canada and U.S. meet regularly at the Ministerial level, in bilateral and multilateral fora, such as the NATO Alliance, as well as at the Chief of Defence Staff and senior Defence officials levels. From joint training exercises to personnel exchanges, strategic policy discussions, and operational cooperation, our countries share a broad-based, dynamic, and mutually beneficial defence relationship.

    As outlined in the Canada First Defence Strategy; as a strong and reliable defence partner, the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) are prepared to conduct continental operations, including through the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD); carry out training and exercises; remain interoperable with the U.S. military; and respond to crises at home and abroad, including by assisting domestic civilian authorities, if necessary.

    The principal bilateral defence forums, arrangements and agreements with the U.S. are:

    U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM)

    USNORTHCOM, headquartered at Peterson Air Force Base in Colorado Springs, Colorado, is CJOC’s counterpart for domestic operations in the U.S. and the continent.  The USNORTHCOM area of responsibility includes air, land, and sea approaches to the continental U.S., Alaska, Canada, and Mexico. The Straits of Florida, portions of the Caribbean region, including Bahamas, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, are also included. 

    USNORTHCOM was established in 2002 to provide command and control of homeland defence, and to coordinate defence support to civil authorities. USNORTHCOM defends the U.S. and its citizens, and contributes to continental defence, just as CJOC does across Canada.

    U.S. Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM)

    USSOUTHCOM – with headquarters in Miami, Florida – is a joint, interagency command representing the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, U.S. Coast Guard, the Department of State, and federal agencies that share similar mission objectives, including the Drug Enforcement Administration and U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Neighbouring nations, such as Canada, are key partners in planning and contingency operations. The Command’s area of operations includes Central and South America, the Caribbean and the surrounding waters south of Mexico. 

    CJOC and USSOUTHCOM consult regularly on a collective response to regional and trans-national security challenges, such as preventing and reducing illicit trafficking through detection, monitoring, and tracking drug traffickers. 

  2. Aug 12, 2013 · Reciprocity. Reciprocity was a free trade agreement between the United States and Canada. It mutually reduced import duties and protective tariffs on certain goods exchanged between the two countries. It was in effect from 1854 to 1866 and was controversial at times on both sides of the border.

  3. The CanadaUnited States Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA), official name as the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States of America (French: Accord de libre-échange entre le Canada et les États-Unis d'Amérique), was a bilateral trade agreement reached by negotiators for Canada and the United States on October 4, 1987, and signed by the leaders of both countries on January 2 ...

  4. The agreement was agreed upon in 1986 and was signed on January 2, 1988, by US President Ronald Reagan and Prime Minister Brian Mulroney but was not enforced until January 1, 1989. Some of the main goals of this agreement was to eliminate tariffs, reduce non-tariff trade barriers, and to begin addressing trade of services. This agreement also ...

  5. Mar 27, 2024 · Reciprocity (Plain-Language Summary) Reciprocity was a free trade deal between the United States and Canada. (Reciprocity is when both sides give and receive.) The deal reduced import duties and tariffs on certain goods traded between the two countries. It was in effect from 1854 to 1866. It was at times a source of great controversy in both ...

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  7. Oct 1, 2018 · The new USMCA, on the other hand, runs out after 16 years—a mechanism called the “sunset clause.”. The U.S. had been agitating strongly for a five-year expiry date, after which all three ...