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Zealots. The Zealots were a political movement in 1st-century Second Temple Judaism which sought to incite the people of Judaea Province to rebel against the Roman Empire and expel it from the Holy Land by force of arms, most notably during the First Jewish–Roman War (66–70). Zealotry was the term used by Josephus for a "fourth sect" or ...
- Origins
- Roman Rule
- The Zealot Party
- The Jewish Revolt
- The New Testament
The Maccabean Revolt by the Jews in 167 BCE drove out the Greek occupiers and established an independent kingdom of Israel. The Hasmonean family who led the revolt combined the office of the king with that of the high priest at the Temple in Jerusalem. Not everyone was happy with Hasmonean rule. Kings in Israel were to be from David's tribe, Judah,...
Rome sent the general Pompey Magnus (106 BCE to 48 BCE) to the East against the king of Pontus Mithridates VI (r. 120-63 BCE) on the Black Sea who had conquered Asia Province and Greece. After successfully destroying Mithridates' ambitions, he reorganized the area as client-kingdoms of Rome. He was going to let things alone in Jerusalem, but two Ha...
The Zealots emerged as a religious/political movement in the 1st century CE. Most of our information about the Zealots comes from the Jewish historian, Flavius Josephus (36-100 CE), who was also an eyewitness to the Great Jewish Revolt of 66 CE. In both The Antiquities of the Jews and The Jewish War, Josephus described the various Jewish sects of s...
Nowhere is the negative polemic against the Zealots more dramatic than in Josephus' account of the Jewish Revolt. The blame for the destruction of Jerusalem and the Second Temple by Rome was placed solely on the Zealots and their misguided influence on the rest of the people. Josephus was put in charge as the general of Galilee at the outbreak of t...
In the New Testament, the Zealots are referred to as lestes ("bandits") as a negative slur. Lestes meant a robber, plunderer, or a brigand, but the English translation of this term as "thieves" removes the political connotation of the activity. The two thieves who were crucified with Jesus were revolutionaries; crucifixionwas the Roman punishment f...
- Rebecca Denova
Josephus also wrote that the Sicarii raided nearby Hebrew villages including Ein Gedi, where they massacred 700 Jewish women and children. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] The Zealots, Sicarii and other prominent rebels finally joined forces to attack and temporarily take Jerusalem from Rome in 66 AD, [ 19 ] where they took control of the Temple in Jerusalem, executing anyone who tried to oppose their power.
Judaism. Zealot, member of a Jewish sect noted for its uncompromising opposition to pagan Rome and the polytheism it professed. The Zealots were an aggressive political party whose concern for the national and religious life of the Jewish people led them to despise even Jews who sought peace and conciliation with the Roman authorities. A census ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The "Fourth Philosophy" and the Sicarii. In Book 7 of The Jewish War (253–74) Josephus distinguishes in a general way between the various parties which took part in the resolute stand against Rome. In respective order, he mentions the Sicarii, the followers of *John of Giscala, the soldiers of *Simeon bar Giora, and finally the Zealots.
The Zealots) was written by LAKE is stated by Jackson, F. in Josephus and the Jews (N.Y., 1930), 264 n. 2Google Scholar. 20 20 E.g., p. 424, ”Schürer's statement that Judas ben Hezekiah is 'sicherlich' the same as Judas of Galilee seems … quite indefensible, except in so far as the use of 'sicherlich' in theological writing indicates the combination of insufficient evidence with strongly ...
Oct 1, 2024 · Jewish Sects at the Time of Jesus. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1967. Hengel, Martin. The Zealots: Investigations into the Jewish Freedom Movement in the Period from Herod I until 70 A.D. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1989. Brighton, Mark Andrew. The Sicarii in Josephus's Judean War: Rhetorical Analysis and Historical Observations. Leiden; Boston: Brill ...
