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Mike Blaber (Florida State University) 11.1: A Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids is shared under a license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. The state of a substance depends on the balance between the kinetic energy of the individual particles (molecules or atoms) and the intermolecular forces.
Sep 7, 2023 · From the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases and our studies of Grahm's Law of Effusion we know that the kinetic energy is proportional to the absolute temperature, and as we raise the temperature we raise the kinetic energy, 1/2mv 2 (where m=mass and v=velocity), and thus a light molecule would move faster than a heavy one. Of course for a gas or a liquid you have an ensemble of particles and ...
May 19, 2017 · Gases When you add even more energy to the substance, you increase the kinetic energy of those particles so much, that they lose their state form, becoming a gas. In a gas, particles have vibrational, rotational, and translational motion, allowing them to "bounce" off of one another. Particles in a gas state move much faster than a liquid.
A small drop of liquid tends to assume a spherical shape, as shown in Figure 7.8.2 7.8. 2, because in a sphere, the ratio of surface area to volume is at a minimum. Larger drops are more greatly affected by gravity, air resistance, surface interactions, and so on, and as a result, are less spherical.
Apr 29, 2024 · In a liquid, the molecules move freely, but stay close together. In a gas, they move around wildly and have a great deal of space between them. In the water cycle, evaporation occurs when sunlight warms the surface of the water. The heat from the sun makes the water molecules move faster and faster, until they move so fast they escape as a gas.
Jan 21, 2021 · Convection is motion in a gas or liquid that is caused by temperature differences. This motion transfers heat throughout the gas and liquid. The molecules in liquids and gases are farther apart and have more room to move around than in solids. Because of this, heated liquid or gas molecules can physically move.
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Jul 24, 2014 · The liquid state of matter is an intermediate phase between solid and gas. Like the particles of a solid, particles in a liquid are subject to intermolecular attraction; however, liquid particles ...
