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      • His epistles (letters) have had enormous influence on Christian theology, especially on the relationship between God the Father and Jesus, and on the mystical human relationship with the divine. In addition to his extensive theological contributions, St. Paul played a crucial role in the development of Christianity away from its Jewish parent.
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    St. Paul is often considered to be the most important person after Jesus in the history of Christianity. His epistles (letters) have had enormous influence on Christian theology, especially on the relationship between God the Father and Jesus, and on the mystical human relationship with the divine. In addition to his extensive theological contributions, St. Paul played a crucial role in the development of Christianity away from its Jewish parent. Although he held that Jews and Gentiles alike were called to be transformed into one new humanity in Christ, his missions were largely focused on the conversion of Gentiles, and Christianity would eventually become a largely Gentile religion.

    Read more below: Achievement and influence

    Christianity

    Read more about the early history of Christianity.

    epistle

    Learn about this type of composition written in the form of a letter.

    Of the 27 books in the New Testament, 13 are attributed to Paul, and approximately half of another, Acts of the Apostles, deals with Paul’s life and works. Thus, about half of the New Testament stems from Paul and the people whom he influenced. Only 7 of the 13 letters, however, can be accepted as being entirely authentic (dictated by Paul himself)...

    Paul was a Greek-speaking Jew from Asia Minor. His birthplace, Tarsus, was a major city in eastern Cilicia, a region that had been made part of the Roman province of Syria by the time of Paul’s adulthood. Two of the main cities of Syria, Damascus and Antioch, played a prominent part in his life and letters. Although the exact date of his birth is unknown, he was active as a missionary in the 40s and 50s of the 1st century ce. From this it may be inferred that he was born about the same time as Jesus (c. 4 bce) or a little later. He was converted to faith in Jesus Christ about 33 ce, and he died, probably in Rome, circa 62–64 ce.

    In his childhood and youth, Paul learned how to “work with [his] own hands” (1 Corinthians 4:12). His trade, tent making, which he continued to practice after his conversion to Christianity, helps to explain important aspects of his apostleship. He could travel with a few leather-working tools and set up shop anywhere. It is doubtful that his family was wealthy or aristocratic, but, since he found it noteworthy that he sometimes worked with his own hands, it may be assumed that he was not a common labourer. His letters are written in Koine, or “common” Greek, rather than in the elegant literary Greek of his wealthy contemporary the Jewish philosopher Philo Judaeus of Alexandria, and this too argues against the view that Paul was an aristocrat. Moreover, he knew how to dictate, and he could write with his own hand in large letters (Galatians 6:11), though not in the small, neat letters of the professional scribe.

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    Until about the midpoint of his life, Paul was a member of the Pharisees, a religious party that emerged during the later Second Temple period. What little is known about Paul the Pharisee reflects the character of the Pharisaic movement. Pharisees believed in life after death, which was one of Paul’s deepest convictions. They accepted nonbiblical “traditions” as being about as important as the written Bible; Paul refers to his expertise in “traditions” (Galatians 1:14). Pharisees were very careful students of the Hebrew Bible, and Paul was able to quote extensively from the Greek translation. (It was fairly easy for a bright, ambitious young boy to memorize the Bible, and it would have been very difficult and expensive for Paul as an adult to carry around dozens of bulky scrolls.) By his own account, Paul was the best Jew and the best Pharisee of his generation (Philippians 3:4–6; Galatians 1:13–14), though he claimed to be the least apostle of Christ (2 Corinthians 11:22–3; 1 Corinthians 15:9–10) and attributed his successes to the grace of God.

    Paul spent much of the first half of his life persecuting the nascent Christian movement, an activity to which he refers several times. Paul’s motivations are unknown, but they seem not to have been connected to his Pharisaism. The chief persecutors of the Christian movement in Jerusalem were the high priest and his associates, who were Sadducees (if they belonged to one of the parties), and Acts depicts the leading Pharisee, Gamaliel, as defending the Christians (Acts 5:34). It is possible that Paul believed that Jewish converts to the new movement were not sufficiently observant of the Jewish law, that Jewish converts mingled too freely with Gentile (non-Jewish) converts, thus associating themselves with idolatrous practices, or that the notion of a crucified messiah was objectionable. The young Paul certainly would have rejected the view that Jesus had been raised after his death—not because he doubted resurrection as such but because he would not have believed that God chose to favour Jesus by raising him before the time of the Judgment of the world.

  2. Mar 6, 2024 · Saint Paul’s influence on Christianity extends beyond his lifetime. His writings continue to be vital to Christian liturgy and theological studies. They provide insights into the early Christian communities’ struggles and triumphs, offering timeless wisdom and guidance for contemporary Christians.

    • John G. Gager, Who Made Early Christianity? The Jewish Lives of the Apostle Paul (New York: Princeton University Press, 2015), 17.
    • This has been the approach of some biographies of Paul aimed at popular audiences, such as A. N. Wilson, Paul: The Mind of the Apostle (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997); and Hyam Maccoby, The Mythmaker: Paul and the Invention of Christianity (New York: Harper and Row, 1986); however the origin of the idea goes back to F. C. Baur, in particular, Paul: The Apostle of Jesus Christ: His Life and Works, His Epistles and Teachings (London: Williams and Norgate, 1845).
    • Daniel Boyarin, A Radical Jew: Paul and the Politics of Identity (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994).
    • For Paul’s early education, see Jerome Murphy-O’Connor, Paul: A Critical Life (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996), 46–51.
  3. Aug 3, 2018 · Paul became a true apostle because he experienced and encountered the risen Lord Jesus on the road to Damascus. And he truly shared in the sufferings of Christ. Are they Hebrews?

  4. St. Paul’s Essential Message. In Jesus Christ God had acted to provide salvation for all who believe (Rom 1: 1-7). This salvation, whose complete realization lay in the future, has its beginnings in the present. People can experience this salvation in their own lives (Rom 8:14-17). Centrality of Jesus Christ

  5. The following dossier by Fr. Jean Baptiste Edart provides an excellent look at the life, conversion, and mission of St. Paul the Apostle and how we can imitate his missionary spirit.

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