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- The two hemispheres are connected by a thick band of neural fibers known as the corpus callosum, consisting of about 200 million axons. The corpus callosum allows the two hemispheres to communicate and allows information being processed on one side of the brain to be shared with the other.
www.simplypsychology.org/anatomy-of-the-brain.html
Sep 5, 2024 · The skull is a bony structure that supports the face and forms a protective cavity for the brain. It is comprised of many bones, formed by intramembranous ossification, which are joined together by sutures (fibrous joints).
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Feb 20, 2024 · The primary functions of the brain include processing sensory information, regulating bodily functions, forming thoughts and emotions, and storing memories. Main Parts of the Brain – Anatomy. The three main parts of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. 1. Cerebrum.
Underneath the skeletal structures, the brain is protected by membranes made by connective tissue, called meninges, that surround, support, stabilize and partition the nervous tissue (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). In addition, the brain has a privileged blood supply, as suggested by the blood-brain barrier.
- Overview
- Anatomy and function
- Diagram of cranial bones
- Cranial bone conditions
- Tips for healthy cranial bones
What are cranial bones?
Your skull provides structure to your head and face while also protecting your brain. The bones in your skull can be divided into the cranial bones, which form your cranium, and facial bones, which make up your face.
There are several types of bones within your body, including:
•long bones
•short bones
•flat bones
There are eight cranial bones, each with a unique shape:
•Frontal bone. This is the flat bone that makes up your forehead. It also forms the upper portion of your eye sockets.
•Parietal bones. This a pair of flat bones located on either side of your head, behind the frontal bone.
•Temporal bones. This is a pair of irregular bones located under each of the parietal bones.
•Occipital bone. This is a flat bone located in the very back of your skull. It has an opening that allows your spinal cord to connect to your brain.
•Sphenoid bone. This is an irregular bone that sits below the frontal bone. It spans the width of your skull and forms a large part of the base of your skull.
Explore the interactive 3-D diagram below to learn more about the cranial bones.
Fracture
A fracture refers to any type of break in a bone. There are several types of skull fracture that can affect cranial bones, such as: •Depressed. This refers to a fracture that makes part of your skull appear sunken. •Linear. A linear fracture in a cranial bone means there’s a break in the bone, but the bone itself hasn’t moved. •Basilar. This type involves a break in one of the bones near the base of your skull, such as the sphenoid bone. This is a serious condition requiring immediate treatment. •Diastatic. A diastatic fracture occurs along one of the sutures of your skull, making it wider than usual. It’s usually seen in infants. In many cases, skull fractures aren’t as painful as they sound, and they often heal on their own without surgery. However, more severe fractures may require surgery.
Craniosynostosis
Some infants are born with a condition called craniosynostosis, which involves the premature closing of skull sutures. This leads to an unusually shaped skull and can sometimes affect facial features. There are several types of craniosynostosis, depending on the sutures they affect: •Bicoronal synostosis. Infants with this type may have a flattened and elevated forehead. •Coronal synostosis. This type can cause flattening on one side of the forehead and impact the shape of the eye socket and nose. •Lambdoid synostosis. This can lead to flattening on one side of the back of the skull. It can also affect the positioning of the ear or cause the skull to tilt sideways. •Metopic synostosis. This can cause a triangle-shaped skull or pointed forehead. It can also make the eyes appear closer together. •Sagittal synostosis. This type may cause the forehead to bulge out. The area around the temples might also appear very narrow, making the head look elongated. Craniosynostosis requires surgical treatment to avoid later complications.
Other conditions
Some other conditions that can affect the cranial bones include: •Cleidocranial dysplasia. Mutations to a specific gene cause unusual development of the teeth and bones, including the cranial bones. Common symptoms include a sloped forehead, extra bone within skull sutures, and an enlarged skull. •Craniometaphyseal dysplasia. This is an inherited condition that causes thickening of the cranial bones, which can lead to a protruding forehead and wide-set eyes. •Paget’s disease of bone. New bone tissue is rapidly made due to unusual behavior of osteoclasts, which are a type of bone cell. People with this condition are more prone to fractures because the affected bone is usually weaker. •Fibrous dysplasia. This causes the development of scarlike tissue instead of bone tissue due to a mutation in bone-producing cells. It tends to only affect a single bone at a time, though more may be involved in some cases. •Osteomas. An osteoma is a benign overgrowth of bone on the skull. People with osteomas typically have no symptoms. However, if the growth puts pressure on a nerve, it can cause hearing and vision problems. These usually resolve once the growth is removed.
Your cranial bones are the main defense system for your brain, so it’s important to maintain their health by:
•Wearing a helmet. Always wear a helmet when riding anything on wheels, including bikes, skateboards, and scooters. Replace damaged or dented helmets and make sure they fit properly.
•Fastening your seatbelt. Always wear a seatbelt when traveling in a car.
•Reducing your risk of falling. Secure anything, such as loose electrical cords, that could cause someone to trip. If you have mobility issues, consider installing handrails and grab bars in areas, such as the shower or stairs.
If you have an infant, be sure to monitor their head for anything unusual. You can also make sure you child doesn’t stay in one position for too long. Some ways to do this include:
•alternating the direction your baby’s head faces when putting them to bed
The human skull is the part of the skeleton that supports the structures of the face and forms a cavity for the brain.
Nov 9, 2023 · Figure 1. The brain has three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Cerebrum. The cerebrum is the largest and most recognizable part of the brain. It consists of grey matter (the cerebral cortex ) and white matter at the center.
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Why Is the Skeletal System Important? The human skeleton consists of 206 bones and other connective tissues called ligaments, tendons, and cartilage. Ligaments connect bones to other bones, tendons connect bones to muscles, and cartilage provides bones with more flexibility and acts as a cushion in the joints between bones.
