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1. www.reddit.com › r › UrduWhy does Urdu (اُردو) have so many Perso-Arabic letters for ...

   www.reddit.com › r › Urdu

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   The World's 10th most-spoken language of Urdu uses the Nastaʿlīq font of the Person-Arabic script for writing, but these sets of letters appear to have the same sound: ا - ع - ء (maybe even إ اً آ )

2. openbooks.library.northwestern.edu › zerozabar10. Ain and hamza – Zer o Zabar - Northwestern University

   openbooks.library.northwestern.edu › zerozabar

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   Even when it functions as a separator for vowels in Urdu, writing the hamza generally follows Arabic spelling conventions, which are complex. There is no need for the Urdu speaker to learn these rules; it is enough to memorize spelling variations when they occur, particularly when hamza is preceded or followed by the sounds u, o, or ū .

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4. restofworld.org › 2021 › bringing-urdu-into-theMeet the people fighting to keep a language alive online ...

   restofworld.org › 2021 › bringing-urdu-into-the

   Feb 9, 2021 · One letter, “the baṛī ye (ے), is particularly influential on the look of written Urdu,” writes typographer and historian Titus Nemeth in “Arabic Type-Making in the Machine Age” (2017), “and its typographic rendering is among the most challenging design questions in an Arabic font.”

5. thewire.in › culture › why-the-perso-arabic-scriptWhy the Perso-Arabic Script Remains Crucial for Urdu

   thewire.in › culture › why-the-perso-arabic-script

   Foundation for Independent Journalism (FIJ) A script is the shield of any written language. Erasing a script, or migrating from one script to another, is the first step in destroying the essence ...

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6. urdu.la.utexas.edu › resources › urdu-scriptUrdu Script & Pronunciation – Urdu at the University of Texas ...

   urdu.la.utexas.edu › resources › urdu-script

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   Both an overview & a deep-dive into the Arabic, Persian, European, and Sanskrit elements of Urdu vocabulary. Urdu Script & Pronunciation. Take a grand tour through the art of Urdu writing & pronunciation Plurality in Urdu. Explore how to speak of more than one in Urdu. Persian Grammar in Urdu. Explore Persian elements of Urdu grammar.

7. openbooks.library.northwestern.edu › zerozabar11. Diacritics and conventions from Arabic and Persian

   openbooks.library.northwestern.edu › zerozabar

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   This chapter introduces several important orthographic conventions and grammatical functions that have been adopted into Urdu from Arabic and Persian. Dagger alif A dagger alif (also called khaṛā zabar ‘standing zabar ’) is a diacritic that indicates an ā sound.

8. People also ask

   Why do Urdu letters resemble English letters?

   • Urdu learners are often surprised to learn that the Perso-Arabic alphabet shares a common ancestor with the Latin alphabet used to write English. This explains, in fact, why the names of the first letters in the Urdu alphabet, , so closely resemble the names of the English word “alphabet.” It’s not a coincidence.

   Urdu Script & Pronunciation - University of Texas at Austin

   urdu.la.utexas.edu/resources/urdu-script-pronunciation/

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   Why did Ayub Khan write Urdu in Latin letters?

   • Baṛī ye and letters like it posed a problem that seemed so insurmountable, in fact, that, in the 1960s — mimicking Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’s mission to convert Turkish script into a Latin alphabet — Pakistan’s military ruler Ayub Khan proposed officially writing Urdu in Latin letters.

   Meet the people fighting to keep a language alive online - Rest of World

   restofworld.org/2021/bringing-urdu-into-the-digital-age/

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   Are all letters in the Urdu alphabet friendly?

   • Most letters in the Urdu alphabet are friendly, that is, they connect to the letter that follows them. Friendly letters may have different shapes in their initial, medial, final, and independent forms. Here is a chart of all the friendly letters in their independent forms.

   Urdu Script & Pronunciation - University of Texas at Austin

   urdu.la.utexas.edu/resources/urdu-script-pronunciation/

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   What are invariable letters in Urdu?

   • The letters in the Urdu alphabet can be divided into two types. The first are those whose pronunciation is invariable. The second is those whose pronunciation is variable. Let’s learn the invariable letters first. Our first family of invariable letters is the be series. The letter ب is pronounced just like an English b.

   Urdu Script and Pronunciation - UT Urdu OER - University of Texas at A…

   urdu.la.utexas.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Urdu-Script-and-Pronunciation-UT-Urdu-OER.pdf

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   Are all letters in the Urdu script unfriendly?

   • All letters in the Urdu script can be run into by the preceding letter. What we mean when we say that that these four letter families are “unfriendly” is that they do not connect to the letter that follows them. Alif. The shape of alif in the initial, medial, and final positions is the same. Note the space that appears after alif.

   Urdu Script and Pronunciation - UT Urdu OER - University of Texas at A…

   urdu.la.utexas.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/Urdu-Script-and-Pronunciation-UT-Urdu-OER.pdf

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   How can Urdu be preserved?

   • The proper preservation of Urdu, in his view, will require a careful curation of the materials used to power its autocorrect and autocomplete technologies, in order to avoid encoding unwanted bias. (He recognizes that, much like Urdu publishing, Maḵẖzan currently overrepresents works by men and texts from Lahore.)

   Meet the people fighting to keep a language alive online - Rest of World

   restofworld.org/2021/bringing-urdu-into-the-digital-age/

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9. urdu.la.utexas.edu › wp-content › uploadsUrdu Script and Pronunciation - UT Urdu OER

   urdu.la.utexas.edu › wp-content › uploads

   Urdu learners are often surprised to learn that the Perso-Arabic alphabet shares a common ancestor with the Latin alphabet used to write English. This explains, in fact, why the names of the first letters in the Urdu alphabet, alif and be, so closely resemble the names of the English word “alphabet.” It’s not a