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Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Sajjad (Arabic: علي بن الحسين السجاد, romanized: ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Sajjād, c. 658 – 712), also known as Zayn al-Abidin (Arabic: زين العابدين, romanized: Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, lit. 'ornament of worshippers') was the great-grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the fourth imam in ...
- Lineage
- Titles and Teknonyms
- Birth and Martyrdom
- Wives and Children
- Imamate
- Battle of Karbala and Captivity
- Contemporary Uprisings
- Merits and Virtues
- Works
- Companions
'Ali b. al-Husayn b. 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a), known as Imam al-Sajjad (a) and Imam Zayn al-'Abidin, is the son of Imam al-Husayn (a). He is the fourth Imam of Shi'a. Among disagreements about Imam al-Sajjad (a) was the name and lineage of his mother, different names have been mentioned for her including Shahrbanu, Shahrbanuyeh, Shah-i Zanan, Jahansha...
Imam al-Sajjad's (a) teknonyms were Abu l-Hasan, Abu l-Husayn, Abu Muhammad, and Abu 'Abd Allah. His titles are Zayn al-'Abidin (adornment of the worshipers), Sayyid al-Sajidin (master of the prostrators), al-Sajjad (the frequently prostrating one), al-Hashimi, al-'Alawi, al-Madani, al-Qurashi, and 'Ali al-Akbar.Dhu l-Thafanat is another title of I...
According to the famous opinion, Imam al-Sajjad (a) was born in 38/659; thus, he (a) has seen a part of Imam 'Ali's (a) life, the imamate of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a) and Imam al-Husayn (a) and Mu'awiya's attempt in suppressing Shi'a in Iraq and elsewhere. However, in some reports, the age of Imam (a) is mentioned less than what is famous and th...
In historical sources, the number of Imam al-Sajjad's (a) children has been counted as fifteen, eleven of whom were boys, and four of whom were girls.According to al-Shaykh al-Mufid, the names of his wives and children were:
Imamate of Imam al-Sajjad (a) began after the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a) in 61/680 and continued until his own martyrdom in 94/712 or 95/713.
In the Battle of Karbala and on the day Imam al-Husayn (a) and his companionswere martyred, Imam al-Sajjad (a) was severely sick so that in some cases when they wanted to kill him, some said, "This sickness is enough for him."
At the time of Imam al-Sajjad (a) after the Battle of Karbala, different movements were made, the most important ones of which were:
Worship
Malik b. Anas said, "Ali b. al-Husayn (a) made a thousand Rak'aprayers every day before he (a) passed away. Thus, he (a) was called Zayn al-'Abidin (adornment of the worshipers)." Ibn 'Abd Rabbih wrote, "When 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) became ready for prayer, he (a) would strangely tremble. He (a) was asked about it and said, 'woe betide you! Do you know whom I am going to stand in front of and before whom I am going to pray?'" Malik b. Anas said, "When 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) put on Ihram and said...
Helping the Poor
Abu Hamza al-Thumalisaid, "Every night 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) secretly carried some food on his shoulder to the poor and said, 'the charity made at the darkness of the night appeases the wrath of God.'" Muhammad b. Ishaq said, "There were people living in Medinaunknowing how their daily provision was provided; and after 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a) passed away, their night food delivery stopped." At night, he (a) put baskets of bread on his shoulder and went to the houses of the poor and said, "The c...
Behavior towards Slaves
One of the efforts of Imam al-Sajjad (a), which was religious and also political, was paying attention to slaves; people who were under the greatest social pressures, especially after the time of the second caliph ('Umar b. al-Khattab) and especially at the time of Umayyadsand they were among the most deprived people in the Islamic society in first centuries. Like Imam 'Ali (a) who attracted Mawali [freed servants] in Iraqto himself with his Islamic behavior, Imam al-Sajjad (a) tried to promo...
Al-Shaykh al-Mufid wrote, "Sunni scholars narrated many sciences from Imam al-Sajjad (a) and many supplications, pieces of advice, [hadiths] in the merit of the Qur'an, halal [the permissible] and haram [the forbidden], wars and days [of history] are left from him which are known to scholars." Up to 300 hadiths have been narrated from Imam al-Sajja...
Al-Shaykh al-Tusihas mentioned the number of Imam's (a) companions as 170. The following individuals can be mentioned among his most prominent companions and students: 1. Abu Hamza al-Thumali; a Shi'a hadith transmitter and commentator of the Qur'an in the 2nd/8th century. 2. Abu Khalid al-Kabuli; known as Kankar. 3. Al-Qasim b. Muhammad b. Abi Bak...
Oct 6, 2024 · Husayn ibn Ali, hero in Shi’ism, grandson of the Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah and son-in-law Ali (the fourth caliph). He is revered by Shi’i Muslims as the third imam. Husayn was killed in the Battle of Karbala in 680 after joining an uprising against the Umayyad caliphs.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Mar 31, 2024 · Life of Husayn ibn Ali. Husayn ibn Ali's early life and background are integral to understanding his significance in Islamic history. Born in 626 CE in the city of Medina, Husayn was the second son of Imam Ali and Fatimah, the beloved daughter of the Prophet Muhammad. His lineage was illustrious, as he descended from both the prophetic and ...
When Ibn Ziad’s letter reached Yazid, he ordered him to send Imam Husayn’s head and those of the rest of the martyrs to him with the women and children, and ‘Ali Ibn Husayn in chains. So they sent the Ahl Al-Bayt after the heads in a convoy like infidel captives, on weak old camels without litters with Mojfar Ibn tha’alaba Alaidi and Shimr Ibn Thil- Jawshan to Shamand.
Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Sajjad, also known as Zayn al-Abidin was the great-grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the fourth imam in Shia Islam, succeeding ...
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Retrieved 10 October 2023. Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī, (born 11 January 626, Medina, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]—died October 10, 680, Karbalāʾ, Iraq), hero in Shiʿi Islam, grandson of the Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fāṭima and son-in-law ʿAlī (the first Imam of the Shi'a and the fourth of the Sunni Rashidun caliphs).
