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the history of Roman expansion, the decision to invade Sicily in 264 B.c., which, whether expected to do so or not, embroiled Rome in the first of the great wars with Carthage, a turning-point in European history.8 The motives for the first Roman step are so elu-sive that even Polybius (1.10-11) was troubled about them, the
- Auctoritas
- Imperium
- Potestas
- Conclusion
The Latin term auctoritas is vital to understanding the politics and the social structure of ancient Rome. Read a biography of Cicero (l. 106-43 BCE), Julius Caesar (l. 100-44 BCE) or Augustus (l. 63 BCE - 14 CE), and you will be certain to come across the word, auctoritas. However, the term cannot simply be translated to "authority". The best viab...
Imperium compared to auctoritas is more straightforward and tangible, however it is not without its peculiarities. Imperium is the authority held by magistrates and promagistrates to command the Roman army. It can be viewed as the supreme form of legal power, which was given to magistrates such as consuls, praetors, and proconsuls. There were essen...
While auctoritas was tied to many different aspects and imperium was a formidable and sometimes dangerous authority, potestas was the legal authority of a political office. Out of the various types of authority in ancient Rome, this was perhaps the most straightforward because it was defined in the law itself. To narrow our scope, we will examine t...
Often, the types of authority were intertwined such as a military and legal authority. For example, in the case of the chief magistrates – consuls and praetors - the command over the legions (imperium) was the ultimate embodiment of their legal power (potestas). The intangible auctoritas helped one climb the political ladder and cement political al...
Religion. Greco-Roman mythology, sometimes called classical mythology, is the result of the syncretism between Roman and Greek myths, spanning the period of Great Greece at the end of Roman paganism. Along with philosophy and political theory, mythology is one of the greatest contributions of Classical antiquity to Western society.
Roman Empire. Classical antiquity, historical period spanning from the output of ancient Greek author Homer in the 8th century bce to the decline of the Roman Empire in the 5th century ce. It encompassed Greco-Roman culture, which played a major role in the Mediterranean sphere of influence and in the creation of Western civilization, shaping ...
Aug 29, 2002 · Abstract. Miriam Griffin is unrivalled as a bridge-builder between historians of the Graeco-Roman world and students of its philosophies. This wide-ranging volume in her honour brings together essays from seventeen international specialists, on a topic which is of major importance. Its subject matter covers from Socrates to late antiquity ...
6 days ago · The regal period, 753–509 bc. Romulus, Rome’s first king according to tradition, was the invention of later ancient historians. His name, which is not even proper Latin, was designed to explain the origin of Rome’s name. His fictitious reign was filled with deeds expected of an ancient city founder and the son of a war god.
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Chapter FiveThe Greco- Roman world from Alexander to HadrianIn 334 BC Alexander, ruler of Macedon and Greece, crossed from Europe into Asia and began the hist. ic conquest that was to change profoundly the ancient world. Perhaps the most important of the changes that resulted from his conquests was the formation of Hellenistic J.
