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What are the symptoms of vertigo?
What are the different types of vertigo?
What causes vertigo?
Is Vertigo a symptom of inner ear disorders?
How can a healthcare professional diagnose Vertigo?
Dec 8, 2022 · Vertigo is a feeling of spinning or tilting that can be triggered by changes in head position. It can be caused by inner ear problems, brain problems, or medications. Learn about the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for vertigo.
- Overview
- Types of vertigo
- Causes
- Symptoms
- Treatment
- Vertigo diagnosis
- How long does vertigo last?
- Vertigo vs. dizziness
- Vertigo in pregnancy
- Is vertigo hereditary?
Vertigo can be caused by infections, migraines, injuries, and several other health conditions. Treating the underlying cause is the most effective way to decrease discomfort and provide long-term relief.
Vertigo is dizziness that creates the false sense that you or your surroundings are spinning or moving.
Peripheral vertigo
Peripheral vertigo is the most common type of vertigo. It occurs as a result of a problem in the inner ear, or the vestibular nerve, which controls balance. Read more about peripheral vertigo here.
Central vertigo
Central vertigo occurs as a result of a problem in the brain. It can be caused by a variety of different conditions, including: •stroke •brain tumor •migraine •traumatic brain injury •infection •multiple sclerosis
Common causes for vertigo include:
•Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). This is the most common cause of vertigo and creates an intense, brief sense that you’re spinning or moving. These episodes are triggered by a rapid change in head movement, such as a blow to the head.
•Infection. A viral infection of the vestibular nerve, called vestibular neuritis or labyrinthitis, can cause intense, constant vertigo.
•Meniere’s disease. When excessive fluid builds up in the inner ear, the result can be sudden episodes of vertigo that last for several hours.
•Migraine. Migraine-induced vertigo can last minutes to hours.
•Head or neck injury. Vertigo is a common symptom after a traumatic injury to the head or neck, especially if there is damage to the vestibular system.
One of the most common symptoms of vertigo is dizziness, which usually worsens with head movement. It’s typically described by patients as a spinning sensation, with the room or objects around them seeming to move.
Other symptoms of vertigo include:
•increased sweating
•nausea
•vomiting
•headache
Repositioning maneuvers
The canalith repositioning maneuver, also known as the Epley maneuver, is used to relieve symptoms of BPPV. These specific head maneuvers can help displace canalith crystals (small particles that can cause vertigo) from the canals of the inner ear. Each treatment session involves holding four positions for 30 to 60 seconds each and repeating each position several times, as needed. A healthcare professional can guide you through each movement during the session. They may also provide additional guidance on how to perform this procedure at home.
Medication
Meclizine is an antihistamine, which is a class of medication often used to treat allergies. Meclizine is effective in treating motion sickness or vertigo. However, it might lead to confusion or even amnesia in older adults.
Exercises
There are several exercises used to help alleviate symptoms of vertigo. They typically involve marching in place or holding specific positions to improve balance. These exercises are similar to the ones used in vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT). VRT involves exercises designed according to each person and their symptoms. After a thorough clinical examination, one of three main methods is applied: •habituation, which improves dizziness •gaze stabilization, which improves control of eye movements so vision can be clear during head movement •balance training, which improves steadiness However, if you have severe vertigo, it’s best to reach out to an experienced physical therapist for additional guidance, instead of performing these exercises on your own. Read more about exercises for vertigo here.
A healthcare professional can diagnose vertigo by performing a clinical exam and collecting information about your symptoms and medical history.
Certain clinical tests and observations can be helpful when assessing for vertigo. These include head impulse testing or the Dix-Hallpike maneuver (patients are quickly lowered from a seated position to lying down).
The signs and symptoms of BPPV can come and go, with symptoms commonly lasting less than a minute.
In cases of Meniere’s disease, an episode of vertigo can last for longer than 20 minutes.
Migraine-induced vertigo can last minutes to hours.
Learn more about the duration of vertigo here.
Although vertigo and dizziness are often confused, vertigo is typically described as feeling like the world is spinning, even when there is no movement.
While dizziness is a more ambiguous term, patients will often interpret it as a sense of imbalance within their own space.
According to a 2020 study, vertigo is the most commonly reported vestibular symptom during the first trimester of pregnancy.
BPPV is particularly common during pregnancy. According to 2017 research, which categorized participants as women and men, BPPV affects women more frequently than men with a ratio of 2-to-1.
Factors that can cause vertigo during pregnancy include:
•fluctuations in hormone levels
•prolonged bed rest
•changes in the metabolism of certain nutrients, including vitamin D and calcium
In some cases, vertigo can be hereditary. Also known as familial benign recurrent vertigo, hereditary vertigo is a form of migrainous vertigo because it’s strongly associated with migraine attacks.
Dec 3, 2022 · Symptoms. People experiencing dizziness may describe it as any of a number of sensations, such as: A false sense of motion or spinning (vertigo) Lightheadedness or feeling faint. Unsteadiness or a loss of balance. A feeling of floating, wooziness or heavy-headedness.
May 1, 2024 · Vertigo is a sensation that the environment around you is spinning in circles. It can be caused by inner ear or brain issues and may lead to dizziness, nausea, hearing loss and other symptoms. Learn about the types, tests and treatments of vertigo.
Aug 5, 2022 · BPPV is a common cause of vertigo, a sudden sensation of spinning or motion. It is triggered by changes in head position and can be treated by a doctor. Learn more about the signs, causes and complications of BPPV.
Dec 3, 2022 · Dizziness can have various causes and symptoms, such as vertigo, nausea, and imbalance. Learn how to diagnose and treat dizziness, including medications, therapy, and surgery.
Jan 7, 2024 · Dizziness is a feeling of being lightheaded, unsteady, and faint. It can be caused by inner ear problems, heart problems, low blood pressure, dehydration, and more. Learn about the types of dizziness, such as vertigo, and when to see a doctor.
