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Aug 12, 2023 · The table below shows quarterly Isobutane prices, in USD per metric ton. And this table presents how Isobutane prices varied, on a year-over-year basis and on a quarter-over-quarter basis....
- Introduction
- Executive Summary
- Phase 1: Analysis of Gasoline Octane Costs
- Phase 2: Future Gasoline Octane Scenarios
In 2017, the U.S. average retail premium gasoline price was $0.50 per gallon (gal) more than the price of regular gasoline. The difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline prices began to increase in approximately 2010. The cause of this price spread may be the result of a change in U.S. refinery operations or retail gasoline pricing d...
In the United States, since approximately 2010, the price difference between regular gasoline with an octane rating, or Anti–Knock Index (AKI), of 87, and premium gasoline with an AKI of 91 has been increasing. Between 2010 and 2017, the U.S. average retail price difference between premium gasoline and regular gasoline doubled, from approximately $...
This section examines the possible causes for the increasing premium–to–regular price spread related to the production of motor gasoline and its components at refineries in the United States. To that end, EIA retained Baker & O’Brien to analyze the factors and conditions at refineries that could result in the increasing spread. Baker & O’Brien’s an...
In Phase 2, Baker & O’Brien analyzed whether or not the U.S. domestic refining industry would be capable of meeting higher octane demand if the octane requirements for retail gasoline increased. The scenario assumes that, beginning with model year 2023, all light–duty vehicles in the United States will require a minimum 95 research octane number (R...
We can model the heating values by using standard heats of combustion 1 for iso-octane and cetane. Engineers distinguish between higher heating value (HHV) 1 and lower heating value (LHV) 1 of a fuel.
- Petroleum diesel73.25 grams per Megajoules
- Petroleum diesel43.1 Megajoules per kilogram
1 barrel of ethanol = 0.58 barrels of oil of oil equivalent Year Efficiency factor (%) Year Efficiency factor (%) 1 barrel of biodiesel = 0.86 barrels of oil of equivalent 1965-2000 36.0 2011 38.6
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Meanwhile, the average price of Isobutane (spot, fob, United States) amounted to 422 USD per metric ton, from 576 USD per metric ton one year earlier. On a month-over-month basis, the price of Isobutane (spot, fob, United States) is 4% lower than the price one month before.
To assess octane costs, this study examines trends at the national, the Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD), and the regional wholesale market levels. The market for motor gasoline is global, and the U.S. gasoline market is interconnected with the global gasoline market through imports and exports.
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Mar 10, 2013 · Note that the price of the two products has fluctuated from just over $1.00/gal to more than $2.50/gal over the past two years. On Friday, OPIS indicated about $1.42/gal for normal and $1.47/gal for iso, for a differential of about a nickel.
