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Learn about the life and work of Max Ernst, a pioneer of Dada and Surrealism who invented frottage and grattage techniques. Explore his biography, art, influences, and legacy on Wikipedia.
Sep 9, 2024 · Learn about Max Ernst, a German painter and sculptor who was a leading figure of Dada and Surrealism. Explore his life, works, techniques, and influences in this comprehensive article from Britannica.
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German-born Max Ernst was a provocateur, a shocking and innovative artist who mined his unconscious for dreamlike imagery that mocked social conventions. A soldier in World War I, Ernst emerged deeply traumatized and highly critical of western culture. These charged sentiments directly fed into his vision of the modern world as irrational, an idea ...
Max Ernst attacked the conventions and traditions of art, all the while possessing a thorough knowledge of European art history. He questioned the sanctity of art by creating non-representational w...Ernst was profoundly interested in the art of the mentally ill as a means to access primal emotion and unfettered creativity.Ernst was one of the first artists to apply Sigmund Freud'sdream theories investigate his deep psyche in order to explore the source of his own creativity. While turning inwards unto himself, Ernst...Interested in locating the origin of his own creativity, Ernst attempted to freely paint from his inner psyche and in an attempt to reach a pre-verbal state of being. Doing so unleashed his primal...Childhood
Max Ernst was born into a middle-class Catholic family of nine children in Bruhl, Germany, near Cologne. Ernst first learned to paint from his father, a strict disciplinarian who was deaf, and a teacher who held an avid interest in academic art. A good deal of Ernst's work as an adult sought to undermine authority including that of his father. Other than this introduction to amateur painting at home, Ernst never received any formal training in art: thus he was responsible for his own artistic...
Early Training
Although primarily self-taught, Ernst was influenced by the works of Vincent van Gogh and August Macke, and the canvases of Giorgio de Chirico prompted his interest in dream imagery and the fantastical. Ernst mined the experiences of his childhood and war to depict both absurd and apocalyptic scenes. A subversive tendency remained strong in Ernst throughout his career, as he literally turned the world upside down in many of his works. Returning to Germany after armistice, Ernst along with the...
Mature Period
In 1922, Ernst left his first wife behind and moved to Paris, where he would live and work until 1941 - when World War II made it impossible to remain in Europe. During these decades, Surrealism came to displace Dadaism with the publication of André Breton's"First Surrealist Manifesto"(1924), and Ernst became one of the movement's founding members. Ernst and his artist-colleagues were discovering the possibilities of autonomism and dreams; in fact, his artistic investigations were aided by hy...
Learn about Max Ernst, a pioneer of Dada and Surrealism who explored the unconscious and the irrational in his art. See his biography, quotes, and examples of his collages, paintings, and sculptures.
- German
- April 2, 1891
- Bruhl, Germany
- April 1, 1976
Learn about the life and works of Max Ernst, a pioneer of Dada and Surrealism. Explore his biography, artworks, influences, and legacy at Wikiart.org.
- April 2, 1891
- April 1, 1976
Max Ernst (2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976) was a German (naturalised American in 1948 and French in 1958) painter, sculptor, printmaker, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and Surrealism in Europe.
Learn about the life and art of Max Ernst, a German-born painter and a pioneer of Dada and Surrealism movements. Explore his famous paintings, collages, sculptures and influences from Freud, war, dreams and Navajo culture.
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Learn about Max Ernst, a pioneer of Dada and Surrealism who invented frottage and grattage techniques. Explore his biography, artworks, and exhibitions at Tate Modern and Tate Britain.
