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What is outdoor play and learning in early childhood education?
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Why is play important for children's learning?
Whether solitary, dramatic, parallel, social, cooperative, onlooker, object, fantasy, physical, constructive, or games with rules, play, in all of its forms, is a teaching practice that optimally facilitates young children’s development and learning.
The brief describes the nature of pre-primary services within the broader concept of early learning. We then share definitions of what is meant by play in early childhood, followed by key points of why learning through play builds. of teaching and learning down into the pre-primary level.
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Play supports children’s skills across all developmental domains: social and emotional, language (Ramani 2012), cognitive, self-help, and large and small motor (Bongiorno 2019).
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- The Different Stages of Play. Children will participate in many different types of play as they grow. This includes the six stages of play outlined by sociologist Mildred Parten in 1932: unoccupied play, solitary play, onlooker play, parallel play, associative play, and cooperative play.
- Unoccupied Play. Newborns from 1 to 3 months old will participate in unoccupied play. Think of it as their first attempt to learn about the world. They’ll observe their surroundings and make random body movements out of curiosity.
- Independent Play / Solitary Play. From birth to around 2 years old, children don’t pay much attention to playmates in social settings. They’d rather keep themselves entertained through independent play.
- Symbolic Play. Around 18 months, toddlers may experiment with symbolic play, using one object to represent another. For instance, they may use a marker as a cell phone or pretend a ball is an apple.
Mar 24, 2021 · Outdoor play and learning in early childhood education is a multifaceted topic spanning children’s well-being and physical skills, risk management, and play-space design to immersion in natural outdoor settings and teachers’ outdoor pedagogies and dispositions.
Dec 21, 2021 · Play builds the brain and the body. Play has been shown to support brain structure and functioning, facilitating synapse connection and improving brain plasticity. Play is also critical to safe, stable, and nurturing relationships, supporting developmental milestones, and mental health.
In this article from the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), Nell & Drew describe elements of play that make it joyful and a rememberable experience for children and families.
