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He was the son of Jean Henri Bernadotte (1711–1780), prosecutor at Pau, and his wife (married at Boeil, 20 February 1754) Jeanne de Saint-Jean (1728–1809), niece of the lay abbot of Sireix. The family name was originally du Poey (or de Pouey), but was changed to Bernadotte – a surname of an ancestress at the beginning of the 17th century. [ 7 ]
- Early Life
- A Rapid Rise to Power
- Marshal of France
- A Star on The Wane
- Crown Prince of Sweden
- King of Sweden
Born at Pau, France on January 26, 1763, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte was the son of Jean Henri and Jeanne Bernadotte. Raised locally, Bernadotte elected to pursue a military career rather than become a tailor like his father. Enlisting in the Régiment de Royal-Marine on September 3, 1780, he initially saw service in Corsica and Collioure. Promoted to ...
A skilled soldier, Bernadotte received a lieutenant's commission in November 1791 and within three years was leading a brigade in General of Division Jean Baptiste Kléber's Army of the North. In this role he distinguished himself in General of Division Jean-Baptiste Jourdan's victory at Fleurus in June 1794. Earning a promotion to general of divisi...
On July 3, 1799, Bernadotte was made Minister of War. Quickly showing administrative skill, he performed well until the end of his term in September. Two months later, he elected not to support Napoleon in the coup of 18 Brumaire. Though branded a radical Jacobin by some, Bernadotte elected to serve the new government and was made commander of the ...
Taking part in the campaign against Prussia that fall, Bernadotte failed to come to the support of either Napoleon or Marshal Louis-Nicolas Davout during the twin battles of Jena and Auerstädt on October 14. Severely reprimanded by Napoleon, he was nearly relieved of his command and was perhaps saved by his commander's former connection to Clary. R...
Appointed governor of Rome in 1810, Bernadotte was prevented from assuming this post by an offer to become the heir of the King of Sweden. Believing the offer to be ridiculous, Napoleon neither supported nor opposed Bernadotte pursuing it. As King Charles XIII lacked children, the Swedish government began seeking an heir to the throne. Concerned ab...
With the death of Charles XIII on February 5, 1818, Charles John ascended to the throne as Charles XIV John, King of Sweden and Norway. Converting from Catholicism to Lutheranism, he proved a conservative ruler who became increasingly unpopular as time passed. Despite this, his dynasty remained in power and continued after his death on March 8, 184...
The French-born Jean Baptiste Bernadotte (1763-1844) ruled Sweden and Norway as King Charles XIV John from 1818 to 1844. The founder of the present Swedish dynasty, he served as a marshal of the Napoleonic army before his election as crown prince of Sweden in 1810. The son of petit-bourgeois parents, Jean Baptiste Bernadotte was born on Jan. 26 ...
The House of Bernadotte[ a ] is the royal family of Sweden, founded there in 1818 by King Charles XIV John of Sweden. It was also the royal family of Norway between 1818 and 1905. Its founder was born in Pau in southern France as Jean Bernadotte. Bernadotte, who had been made a General of Division and Minister of War for his service in the ...
The son of a lawyer from Pau, Bernadotte was an NCO in the pre-revolutionary French Army and commissioned in late 1791. He fought the First Coalition on the Rhine and in the Flanders, leading a brigade at Fleurus and becoming a divisonal general in October 1794, before taking part in the Italian campaigns of 1796-97.
Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte was the son of a successful tailor whose parents intended for him to become a lawyer. Both he and his brother began working in the legal profession, but when his father died suddenly in 1780, Jean-Baptiste decided to enlist as a soldier. By 1788 he had risen to become sergeant major of his company, and the next year his ...
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Jean-Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, King of Sweden and Norway, Marshal (1804) (Born Pau, 1763 - Died, 1844) Bernadotte, Marshal of the Empire (1804), and king of Sweden and Norway (1818-1844), existed well before Bonaparte. He was one of the generals who could claim to be a rival to the future Emperor. Lastly, he was the only one of Napoleon's ...
