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Aug 7, 2024 · Diamond is considered to be the hardest substance with exceptional thermal conductivity among known mineral materials. Its friction wear with various metal and non-metal materials is only 1/50-1/800 of cemented carbide, making it the ideal material for cutting tools. Mostly, the cutting tools are made of artificial single crystal diamonds.
This section provides information on each cutting tool material, advantages and recommendations for best use. Cutting tool materials have different combinations of hardness, toughness and wear resistance, and are divided into numerous grades with specific properties. Generally, a cutting tool material that is successful in its application ...
- Carbon tool steel. Carbon tool steel is one of the inexpensive metal cutting tools used for the low-speed machining operation. These plain carbon steel cutting tool have the composition of 0.6-1.5% carbon and very small amount of (less than 0.5 %) Mn, Si.
- High-speed steel (HSS) This is a high carbon steel with a significant amount of alloying element, such as tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, etc. to improve hardenability, toughness and wear resistance.
- Ceramics. Most common ceramic materials are aluminum oxide and silicon nitride. Powder of ceramic material Compacted in insert shape, then sinteredat high temperature.
- Cubic boron nitride (CBN) It is the second hardest material after diamond. They are generally used in hand machines. They offer high resistance to abrasion and use as an abrasive in grinding wheels.
- High Carbon Steel : Carbon content in this steel is 0.9% to 1.2% which makes the cutting edge of the tool very sharp. It loses its hardness at about 200°C temperature, which means its red hardness value is less.
- High Speed Steel : High-speed steel was invented by Tailer, who was an engineer. The H.S.S. 18 : 4 : 1 used nowadays is his invention. This steel contains 18% tungsten, 4% chromium, and 1% vanadium.
- Stellite: Stellite is a non-ferrous alloy containing 12 to 19% tungsten, 38 to 40% cobalt, 30 to 35% chromium, therefore having a red hardness value of 800°C.
- Cemented Carbide : The cemented carbide is a cutting tool having specific cutting characteristics. It is made by sintering of the tungsten carbide grains embedded in tougher metal.
Jan 23, 2021 · A variety of tool materials are used as cutting tools in the metal working industry, from high carbon steel to ceramic and diamonds. This does not mean that the most expensive tool will be the best tool. The best tool is one that is carefully chosen quickly, efficiently, and economically. Mostly cutting tool materials can be categorized into ...
There is no material that shows all of these properties at the same time. Very hard materials, have lower toughness and break more easily. The following cutting tool materials are used: Tool steels: They are relatively cheap and tough. Their hardness is sufficient to machine other steels. Carbon tool steels: They lose their hardness at 200 °C
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Aug 15, 2024 · CBN and PCD inserts should only be considered when processing high-hard materials or when conventional tool materials in precision processing cannot meet the processing accuracy requirements. (2) It is difficult to fully consider the strength, composition, hardness, and wear resistance of any cutting tool material.
