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The rabbis excommunicated tax collectors from the synagogue (Nedarim 3.4). Tax collectors weren’t allowed to exchange their money at the Temple treasury (Baba Qamma 10.1). The rabbis even considered it lawful to lie in almost any conceivable way to avoid paying tax collectors (Nedarim 27, 28a).
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Nov 2, 2014 · Neusner, The Mishnah, 252). Moneychangers were required because the half-shekel Temple Tax had to be paid with a Tyrian tetradrachma. Many popular preachers will explain this money exchange by observing that the Tyrian coin did not have the image of a Roman emperor who claimed to be God on it, making it more acceptable for the Jewish Temple tax ...
Clearly, Jews used separate sets of coins viz. the Roman coin denarius for paying tax to the Roman Emperor and the Greek coin drachma to pay the Temple Tax. Presumably the money changers at the Temple were accepting Roman coins and giving Greek coins to the Jews in return, after deducting their commission, so that the latter could use them as offering in the Temple.
Not only did these foreign coins have to be changed but also ordinary deposits were often handed over to the Temple authorities for safe deposit in the Temple treasury (Jos., Wars 6:281–2). Thus Jerusalem became a sort of central bourse and exchange mart, and the Temple vaults served as "safe deposits" in which every type of coin was represented (TJ, Ma'as. Sh. 1:2, 52d, and parallels).
Jan 15, 2024 · Ellicott explains this in his comments on Matt 17:24 -. (24) They that received tribute money.—The word for tribute here is didrachma, and differs from that of Matthew 17:25; Matthew 22:17. The latter is the census, or Roman poll-tax; the former was the Temple-rate, paid by every male Israelite above the age of twenty (Exodus 30:13-16 ...
The temple tribute, or money used to maintain the building and its services, has its basis in Exodus 30. Every Israelite male 20 years old or older, whether rich or poor (Exodus 30:15), was required to pay the offering if, for nothing else, to avoid a plague from God! The money, however, was originally only collected when a census was carried out.
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The second Jewish revolt. But oddly enough, the story of Temple coins doesn't end here. It was in A.D. 132, some sixty years after the destruction of the Temple, that the Jews first minted shekels picturing the Temple. This happened when Jews again revolted against Rome, this time under the leadership of Simon bar Kochba.
