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- The O horizon, also known as the organic horizon, is the topmost layer of soil. It is made up of decomposed plant material, such as leaves and twigs, and is dark in color due to the high concentration of organic matter. The O horizon plays an important role in soil fertility by providing nutrients to plants and retaining moisture.
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Feb 17, 2023 · This layer is the uppermost layer of the soil rich in organic matter, such as the remains of plants and dead animals. Due to high organic content, this layer is typically black brown or dark brown. The O horizon is thin in some soil, thick in some others, or absent in the rest.
The horizon description system begins by splitting soil horizons into two distinct groups: organic and mineral horizons. Organic horizons are those that contain 17% or more organic carbon; mineral horizons have less than 17% organic carbon.
Jun 7, 2020 · The soil horizon, O, starts at the topsoil and the other horizons are below it. Horizon R is the deepest horizon, which represents the bedrock at the bottom of the soil, but it is not actually a component of the soil and consists mainly of rock.
Most soils have three major horizons (A, B, C) and some have an organic horizon (O). The horizons are: O (humus or organic): Mostly organic matter such as decomposing leaves. The O horizon is thin in some soils, thick in others, and not present at all in others.
A soil horizon is a layer parallel to the soil surface whose physical, chemical and biological characteristics differ from the layers above and beneath. Horizons are defined in many cases by obvious physical features, mainly colour and texture.
Aug 11, 2022 · A horizon is a soil layer with distinct physical and chemical properties that differ from those of other layers. The soil profile has four distinct layers: 1) O horizon; 2) A horizon; 3) B horizon and 4) C horizon (figure \(\PageIndex{7-8}\)).
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The O horizon is rich in microorganisms and contributes to soil health by enhancing nutrient availability for plants. This layer acts as a protective cover for the underlying horizons, preventing erosion and maintaining soil structure.
