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This article details how vacancies are filled when they occur in the United States Senate. In 36 states, vacancies are temporarily filled by gubernatorial appointment. A special election is then held coinciding with the next regularly scheduled election to replace the appointee.
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Jul 16, 2024 · At present, 45 states authorize their governors to appoint a Senator to fill a vacancy until a replacement is elected. Five states, however, provide that Senate vacancies may be filled only by election.
Oct 17, 2022 · As the examples of Nancy Pelosi and Scott Brown suggest, House and Senate vacancies are filled differently, which reflects the principles and provisions of the U.S. Constitution that directs the process for filling vacancies in House and Senate seats that occur during the middle of a Congress.
Aug 6, 2024 · We compiled information on state procedures for filling U.S. Senate vacancies from each state’s online code of state law. Data on senators’ ages, party affiliation and length of service comes from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. All ages are calculated as of July 31, 2024.
- Drew Desilver
If a senator does not complete a term in office, a state may select an individual to serve out the remainder of the term or until a special election is held. The manner in which a vacancy is filled is governed by the U.S. Constitution, state law, and the Senate’s rules and precedents.
Filling Vacancies by Special Election Only: 5 States. Five states currently require Senate vacancies be to filled only by special elections; their governors are not empowered to fill a vacancy by appointment. They are as follows: North Dakota Oklahoma. Oregon Rhode Island.
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Aug 20, 2021 · At present, 45 states authorize their governors to appoint a Senator to fill a vacancy until a replacement is elected. Five Delaware Mainea New Virginiaa states, however, provide that Senate vacancies may be filled Mexicoa only by election.