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Soil organic matter (SOM) can be defined as organic materials found in soil that are, or have been, part of living organisms. It is a continuum of materials at various stages of transformation due to biotic and abiotic processes. Despite its low concentration in soil, organic matter is of major qualitative importance.
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Soil organic matter (SOM) is the organic matter component of soil, consisting of plant and animal detritus at various stages of decomposition, cells and tissues of soil microbes, and substances that soil microbes synthesize. SOM provides numerous benefits to soil's physical and chemical properties and its capacity to provide regulatory ...
- CO 2, CO 32−, HCO 3−, CH 4, C
- H 2 PO 4−, HPO 42−
- NH 4+, NO 2−, NO 3−, N 2 (gas), N 2 O (gas)
- S, H 2 S, SO 32−, SO 42−, CS 2
Soil organisms, including micro-organisms, use soil organic matter as food. As they break down the organic matter, any excess nutrients (N, P and S) are released into the soil in forms that plants can use. This release process is called mineralization. The waste products produced by micro-organisms are also soil organic matter.
Nov 23, 2015 · Moreover, organic matter retains nutrients as well as pollutants in the soil, which improves plant growth and protects water quality 2. Soils are also an important source of aquatic carbon, with ...
- Johannes Lehmann, Markus Kleber
- 2015
Nov 18, 2023 · Changes in soil surface and water-flow pattern when seals and crusts develop. Studies on both undisturbed and agricultural soils show that as organic matter increases, soils tend to be less compact and have more space for air passage, helping to conduct water into the soil and storing it for plants to use.
Oct 20, 2023 · The large amount of microbial diversity found in soil is a product of many interrelated factors, including the complexity of soil organic matter resources 195, the wide range of inorganic and ...
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Jan 1, 2022 · By converting land for agricultural use over recent millennia, but especially over the past 200 years, humanity has consumed large amounts of SOM by accelerating its rates of mineralization and erosion over those of organic matter inputs into the soil and soil formation, resulting in a global estimated loss of 133 Pg carbon (C) from the top 2 m of soils (Sanderman et al., 2017). However, this ...
