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Travancore became the most dominant state in the Kerala region by defeating the powerful Zamorin of Kozhikode in the battle of Purakkad in 1755. [36] Ramayyan Dalawa , the prime minister (1737–1756) of Marthanda Varma, also played an important role in this consolidation and expansion.
Oct 4, 2024 · India. Travancore, former princely state in southwestern India, now part of Kerala state. Travancore was in the kingdom of Kerala, or Chera, in the early centuries ce and traded with distant parts of the world. In the 11th century the region fell under the Chola empire. The Hindu kings of the Vijayanagar empire held it briefly in the 16th century.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Travancore became the most dominant state in Kerala by defeating the powerful Zamorin of Kozhikode in the battle of Purakkad in 1755. [12] The locals of Thiruvananthapuram supported him against the Ettuveetil Pillamar and Ettara Yogam when he was the heir-apparent, and when he was attacked by the agents of the trustees, he fled to the safety of Trivandrum, from where he counterattacked.
- Rev. Caldwell and Sir Northcote
- A Model Is Born
- God’s Own Country
- The Group in Morris’s Study
- Unit of Analysis
- Historical Factors
- Rural-Urban Continuum
- Social and Cultural Factors
- Kerala Model and Goodhart’s Law
- Kerala Model and The Left
Rev. Robert Caldwell (1814 – 1891) was a 19th-century Tamil scholar and a Scottish-Presbyterian missionary of the London Missionary Society. He was at one time Bishop of Tirunelveli. Having learnt the local language for spreading the Gospel, Caldwell became an authority on Dravidian languages and comparative grammar. Caldwell wrote the classic “A C...
Robin Jeffrey used Caldwell’s verse as an epigraph in his seminal The Decline of Nayar Dominance, reprinted as The Decline of Nair Dominance (1976). By then, the Centre for Development Studies (CDS), established a few years earlier, had organised a UN-CDS Conference. At the Conference, Kerala’s development and superior outcomes received academic at...
When Jeffrey followed up in 1992 with Politics, Women and Well-Being – How Kerala Became ‘a Model,’ he was using a term that had by then become popular, perhaps oblivious that he might have started it all. Jeffrey outlined the process as follows: Malayalis welcomed the transformation of ‘Model state’ into a ‘Kerala model.’ As the adjective became a...
Even in Morris’s analysis, the State narrowly joined a category of those with low incomes. Even here the State was at the bottom. The essence of the Kerala Model was this achievement of globally comparable development indicators with very low-income levels. This ‘model-ness’ was not unique to Kerala even as per Morris. Also in his analysis, a notch...
The state is not an appropriate unit of analysis when historical factors are significant. This is a major flaw in Morris’s analysis and others who followed him. As the Kerala State is a recent geographical formation, focusing on a Kerala model forecloses a discussion on its historical antecedents. It also conceals the discrepancies within the State...
The historical advantages need further elaboration. As Caldwell continued: Caldwell was referring to the administration of T. Madhava Rao. One of the ablest Dewans of Travancore, his statue outside the secretariat lends its name to Trivandrum’s main Statue Junction. The development indicators of Kerala were already the best in India at independence...
But, it will be worth recounting some of the administrative initiatives. The conscious policy of the geographical spread of schools and hospitals in Travancore fostered a more literate and healthy populace. It also minimised urban-rural disparities and made rural-urban migration less attractive. The effects of these are still visible. The state has...
Caldwell’s words, well-oil’d nation, draws attention to social and cultural factors. Ratcliffe had discounted these factors as he confined his discussion on cultural factors to religion. Apart from these, aren’t geographical factors also important? The abundance of water supports a more hygienic lifestyle. Not to forget the tradition of Ayurveda an...
The development numbers seem to be affected by Goodhart’s Law, where a measure ceases to be a useful policy variable when it becomes a target? Excess focus on certain measures finally results in their being compromised. Thus, there are indicators that literacy rate and infant mortality rate, among others, have been compromised. To cite an example, ...
The State’s left parties never had a minister in charge of Education or Health until as late as 2006. An exception was in 1978-79, in the short-lived Ministry of P.K. Vasudevan Nair from the Communist Party of India which lasted just one year. It had two ministers from his party holding charge of health, the first for just 20 days. Despite being in...
Travancore became the most dominant state in Kerala by defeating the powerful Zamorin of Kozhikode in the battle of Purakkad in 1755. [11] Marthanda Varma – at the end of whose rule Travancore was one of the first modern states of south India – is usually credited with the following "achievements". [3] [10]
Feb 27, 2017 · Dr Hari Desai Monday 27th February 2017 06:06 EST. Unlike the perception of most people in India, the Hindu Maharaja of Travancore Sri Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma was the first to declare to set itself up as an independent State with effect from the date of withdrawal of the British power from India. Travancore, present-day Kerala, was one ...
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How did Travancore become the most dominant state in Kerala?
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When did Travancore become a state?
When did Travancore become the capital of India?
Why is Thiruvananthapuram the capital of Kerala?
The erstwhile Travancore Kingdom, which formed the southern portion of modern Kerala, was the first among princely states to start experimenting with limited forms of legislature in 1888.2 But the most important milestone that sets Kerala apart from the rest of India was perhaps the
