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- CPython can be defined as both an interpreter and a compiler as it compiles Python code into bytecode before interpreting it. It has a foreign function interface with several languages, including C, in which one must explicitly write bindings in a language other than Python.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPython
- Introduction to CPython. When you type python at the console or install a Python distribution from python.org, you are running CPython. CPython is one of the many Python runtimes, maintained and written by different teams of developers.
- The Python Interpreter Process. Now that you’ve seen the Python grammar and memory management, you can follow the process from typing python to the part where your code is executed.
- The CPython Compiler and Execution Loop. In Part 2, you saw how the CPython interpreter takes an input, such as a file or string, and converts it into a logical Abstract Syntax Tree.
- Objects in CPython. CPython comes with a collection of basic types like strings, lists, tuples, dictionaries, and objects. All of these types are built-in.
CPython is the reference implementation of the Python programming language. Written in C and Python, CPython is the default and most widely used implementation of the Python language. CPython can be defined as both an interpreter and a compiler as it compiles Python code into bytecode before interpreting it.
- Code Objects, Function Objects, Frames
- Threads, Interpreters, Runtime
- Architecture Summary
- Conclusion
code object
We saw what the bytecode of a simple function looks like. But a typical Python program is more complicated. How does the VM execute a module that contains function definitions and makes function calls? Consider the program: What does its bytecode look like? To answer this question, let's analyze what the program does. It defines the function f(), calls f() with 1 as an argument and prints the result of the call. Whatever the function f()does, it's not a part of the module's bytecode. We can a...
function object
A function, however, is not merely a code object. It must include additional information such as the function name, docstring, default arguments and values of variables defined in the enclosing scope. This information, together with a code object, is stored inside a function object. The MAKE_FUNCTIONinstruction is used to create it. The definition of the function object structure in the CPython source code is preceded by the following comment: How can it be that several function objects refer...
frame object
When the VM executes a code object, it has to keep track of the values of variables and the constantly changing value stack. It also needs to remember where it stopped executing the current code object to execute another and where to go on return. CPython stores this information inside a frame object, or simply a frame. A frame provides a state in which a code object can be executed. Since we're getting more accustomed with the source code, I leave the definition of the frame object here as w...
We've already looked at the three important concepts: 1. a code object 2. a function object; and 3. a frame object. CPython has three more: 1. a thread state 2. an interpreter state; and 3. a runtime state.
Let's make a quick summary of the CPython's architecture to see how everything fits together. The interpreter can be viewed as a layered structure. The following sums up what the layers are: 1. Runtime: the global state of a process; this includes the GIL and the memory allocation mechanism. 2. Interpreter: a group of threads and some data they sha...
In this part we've outlined what pythondoes to execute a Python program. We've seen that it works in three stages: 1. initializes CPython 2. compiles the source code to the module's code object; and 3. executes the bytecode of the code object. The part of the interpreter that is responsible for the bytecode execution is called a virtual machine. Th...
Oct 17, 2022 · How Does the Python Interpreter Work? The Python interpreter is called “CPython” and it's written in the C programming language. This is the default implementation for Python.
Tutorial. Your Guide to the CPython Source Code. In this detailed Python tutorial, you'll explore the CPython source code. By following this step-by-step walkthrough, you'll take a deep dive into how the CPython compiler works and how your Python code gets executed. #6. Tutorial. Building a Python C Extension Module.
Aug 21, 2023 · Diving into its definition, CPython is simply the reference implementation of Python, written in C and Python. It is often referred to as the “native” Python as it’s the version of Python available directly from the Python Project.
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What is CPython & how does it work?
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What is CPython source code?
This guide describes the basics of CPython’s internals. It explains the layout of CPython’s source code. It also explains how the parser, compiler, and interpreter work together to run your Python code.
