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      • Stress typically inhibits reproductive parameters via components of the HPA axis. • In certain conditions, stress can be stimulatory to the reproductive system. • Stress response is modulated by sex steroid hormones. • Components of the HPA axis act at multiple targets in the HPG axis.
      www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091302221000303
  1. Stress in adulthood continues to mediate HPG activity in females through activation of a sympathetic neural pathway originating in the hypothalamus and releasing norepinephrine (NE) into the ovary, which produces a non-cyclic anovulatory ovary that develops cysts.

  2. One of the major pathways that is activated during the stress response is hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In this review, we discuss several aspects of the interactions between these two neuroendocrine systems to offer insights to mechanisms of how the HPA axis and HPG axes interact.

  3. Clinical studies and experimental data indicate that stress signaling can mediate these effects through direct actions in the brain, gonads, and embryonic tissues. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which stress activation of the HPA axis impacts fertility and fetal development.

  4. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, when activated by stress, exerts an inhibitory effect on the female reproductive system. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) inhibits hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, and glucocorticoids inhibit pituitary luteinizing hormo ….

    • S.N Kalantaridou, A Makrigiannakis, E Zoumakis, G.P Chrousos, G.P Chrousos
    • 2004
  5. Studies on female rhesus macaques show that chronic stress in socially subordinate female monkeys produces a distinct behavioural phenotype that is largely unaffected by oestrogen, a hyporesponsive HPA axis that is hypersensitive to the modulating effects of oestrogen, and changes in 5-HT1A receptor binding in the hippocampus and hypothalamus ...

    • Donna Toufexis, Donna Toufexis, Maria Angelica Rivarola, Hernan Lara, Victor Viau
    • 2014
  6. Dec 2, 2018 · Current review highlights a close relationship in women between stress, QoL and reproductive function, that this association is more likely reported in infertile rather than fertile women, and that a vicious circle makes them to have supported each other.

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  8. Feb 15, 2008 · Pregnancy stress syndrome and the possibility of stress susceptibility from womb to adulthood have been associated with reproductive dysregulation via immune priming and over-activation of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis.

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