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One fixture per 150 persons
- The California Plumbing Code (Part 5 of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations) requirement for the number of drinking fountains in schools is one fixture per 150 persons.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/grants_loans/schools/docs/dwfs1819_adoptedgls.pdf
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4 days ago · Offices or public buildings for use by more than six persons shall have one drinking fountain for the first 150 persons and one additional fountain for each 300 persons thereafter.
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- Title 5, California Code of Regulations
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- Drinking Water for Students in Schools
Maintain School Site Water Fountains. Ensure that all water...
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Maintain School Site Water Fountains. Ensure that all water fountains on school grounds are operating properly and are cleaned daily. This includes verifying that there is enough water pressure in the fountain to maintain an adequate stream of potable, preferably chilled, water for drinking.
What are the requirements for drinking fountains in schools? California school building construction is regulated by the Division of the State Architect,17 and school plumbing fixtures like drinking fountains are subject to the California State Plumbing Code.18 The 2016 California Plumbing Code defines drinking fountains as:
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Acknowledgments
- Author Information
- References
- Tables
Introduction Recent legislation requires public and charter schools in California to test drinking water for lead. Our objective was to describe 1) results from this testing program in the context of other available water safety data and 2) factors related to schools and water utilities associated with access to safe drinking water in schools. Meth...
Consumption of safe drinking water is essential to health (1); however, concern that available water is unsafe discourages consumption (2). Universal access to safe drinking water remains an unmet goal. Ingesting contaminated water can negatively affect health by increasing cancer risk and impairing cognitive development (3). Because most deleterio...
Setting and participants
We used data from a 2016–2018 cross-sectional parent study that our team completed of access to drinking water in schools and quality practices and policies (6,7). We conducted telephone interviews with school principals or other school staff members who were knowledgeable about drinking water access and quality-related policies and practices. Our study consisted of 240 California public and charter schools, stratified by school type and urban-centric geography, and randomly selected from 10,...
Study outcomes
Drinking water system noncompliance.The first outcome examined was whether a school had a history of water system noncompliance or violation of a water system standard. Compliance data were sourced for each school from SWRCB’s Exceedance/Compliance Status of Public Water Systems database (14). Each water system has a public water system identification number, a unique alphanumeric indicator assigned to all water systems in the state. “Out of compliance” indicated that the water system was in...
Covariates
Covariates were school and student demographic characteristics obtained from the California Department of Education DataQuest database (18). Specific covariates included 1) percentage of students eligible for free and reduced-price meals, which is a proxy for household income; 2) percentage of students from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds (Latino, African American, Asian, American Indian, Pacific Islander, or multiracial); 3) geographic setting of the school identified as city, suburb, rur...
Study sample characteristics. Study schools had a larger student enrollment and a greater proportion of students identified as White than California schools overall (Table 1). The proportion of students who received free and reduced-price meals or who were identified as Latino or African American was not significantly different between study school...
Our study is one of the first in-depth examinations of a US state’s drinking water quality and testing in public schools (11) and is the first study to look at overall water quality in schools that includes both data on compliance with water system health standards and school lead-testing program uptake and results. We found that schools serving a ...
This research was supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation through its Healthy Eating Research Program (Grant 75034). Special thanks to Harshini Gorijala and Savina Bivolcic for their role in data processing. The authors have no financial relationships or conflicts of interest to disclose. No copyrighted materials or tools were used in this ...
Corresponding Author: Anisha I. Patel, MD, MSPH, MSHS, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Stanford University. Medical School Office Building, 1265 Welch Rd, Ext 240, Stanford, CA 94305. Telephone: (650) 497-1181. Email: anipatel@stanford.edu. Author Affiliations: 1Stanford University, Stanford, California. 2Nutrition Policy Institute, University o...
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Water and healthier drinks: water and nutrition. Drinking water; 2016. https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/nutrition/index.html. Accessed February...Patel AI, Bogart LM, Klein DJ, Burt Cowgill , Uyeda KE, Hawes-Dawson J, et al. Middle school student attitudes about school drinking fountains and water intake. Acad Pediatr 2014;14(5):471–7. Cross...US Environmental Protection Agency. National primary drinking water regulations. https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations. Published November...Hofferth SL, Sandberg JF. How American children spend their time. J Marriage Fam 2004;63(2):295–308. CrossRefexternal icona The 10,481 eligible schools were California public and charter schools, stratified by school type and urban-centric geography. We excluded schools with a nonstandard grade configuration, such as kindergarten to 12th grade, special education schools, vocational schools, and alternative schools (6,13). Percentages do not total 100 because some fami...
- Isioma L. Umunna, Lauren S. Blacker, Christina E. Hecht, Marc A. Edwards, Emily A. Altman, Anisha I....
- 2020
Regulations) requirement for the number of drinking fountains in schools is one (1) fixture per 150 persons. Failure to meet this requirement is considered impaired access to drinking water. · LEAs that do not have any American Disabilities Act (ADA) compliant fixtures located at a given school are considered to have impaired access to ...
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Sep 14, 2023 · Today the California Legislature passed a bill to require lead tests at all school drinking water fountains and faucets. The bill also sets a goal of reducing lead levels in school drinking water to zero.
The California building code requires only that schools have one drinking fountain for every 150 students.8 The code does not require schools to refrigerate drinking water or to have drinking fountains in the cafeteria.9 School policies can serve a crucial role in making drinking water more accessible, but only a handful of schools have such pol...
