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- The original study found that listening to music, Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, activated both sides of the brain and increased cognitive function. The cognitive function that increased was spatial reasoning.
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What is the Mozart Effect?
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Does listening to music make a 'Mozart Effect'?
Does listening to Mozart improve word memory?
Does listening to Mozart Make you Smarter?
New research technologies that allow us to consider multiple causal factors (neurobiological, emotional, cognitive, and experiential) as underpinning the Mozart Effect will likely resolve this issue. This chapter provides a review of the music-cognition literature and highlights specific challenges to advancement in this field.
- I . Overture
- II. Prelude
- III. Sonata
- IV. Development
- V. Theme and Variations
- VI. Coda
- References
Cognitive neuroscientists have researched the existence of a neural network “music box,” analogous to the “language box” of linguist Noam Chomsky, that music might be subserved by a similar neural network as language, and that entraining these networks could lead to improved cognition. Mountcastle first posited that the cerebral cortex has a column...
In a 1993 paper published in Nature, entitled “Music and Spatial Task Performance,: Frances Rauscher and colleagues demonstrated that short-term listening to the Sonata for two pianos in D-major KV 448 of Wolfgang Mozart resulted in short-term improvement (~9 points for about 15 minutes) in spatial-temporal tasks over the same group tested after si...
Why was the Mozart two-piano sonata chosen for the study? It has the advantages of repetition and is melodically straightforward, with only a few musical motifs that interweave in various forms throughout the movement, helping to reinforce the symmetry in the music. The first movement of the sonata is largely comprised of tonic and dominant chords ...
The musician Don Campbell obtained a copyright for the term “The Mozart Effect” in his 1997 book entitled The Mozart Effect: Tapping the Power of Music to Heal the Body, Strengthen the Spirit and Unlock the Creative Spirit.6 He described “The Mozart Effect” as signifying “the transformational powers of music in health, education, and well-being, us...
Several studies were developed to test the validity of the Rauscher findings. The Appalachian Study found no correlation between the music of Mozart and increased spatial-task performance, concluding that “any cognitive improvement was transient” and more likely represented a “practicing” effect and a familiarity with the paper cutting test that wa...
By 1999 the scientific community had pronounced theMozart effect anecdotal and non-reproducible, that there was no difference in spatial-temporal skills after being pretreated, that “this ‘Mozart effect’ if indeed there was one, is much more readily explained by established principles of neuropsychology, an effect on mood or arousal, than by some n...
Edelman, G. and V. Mountcastle. The Mindful Brain: Cortical organization and the group selective theory of higher brain function, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1978.Leng, X., G. Shaw, and E. Wright. “Coding of music and the trion model of cortex.” Music Perception8 (1990): 49.Lerch, D. “The Mozart effect: A closer look.” http://lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/students/lerch1/edpsy/mozart_effect.html.Tomatis, A. Pourquois Mozart?Paris: Hatchette Diffusion Books, 1991.Jul 1, 2020 · The Mozart effect is the theory that listening to Mozart’s music can induce a short-term improvement on the performance of certain kinds of cognitive tasks and processes.
Jan 1, 2013 · We investigated the impact of the Mozart effect on word memory when music was heard in the delay rather than using music to induce mood or as background music.
May 1, 2013 · It follows that overcoming CD could be a fundamental cognitive function of music. In this paper we experimentally demonstrate a tentative validity of this hypothesis. We explore relations between music and CD using the ‘Mozart effect.’ This is a short-term improvement on “spatial-temporal reasoning” [11], [12]. The idea that ...
- Leonid Perlovsky, Arnaud Cabanac, Marie-Claude Bonniot-Cabanac, Michel Cabanac
- 2013
In this chapter we describe the general response to this so-called "Mozart effect" and explore the scientific literature supporting or debunking Rauscher's finding. Additionally, we recount the demonstrated positive effects of musical training as opposed to passive music listening.
Does ‘Mozart effect’ point to a fundamental cognitive function of music? Would such an effect of music be due to the hedonicity, a fundamental dimension of mental experience? The present paper explores a recent hypothesis that music helps to tolerate cognitive dissonances and thus enabled accumulation of knowledge
