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- Political polarization (spelled polarisation in British English, African and Caribbean English, and New Zealand English) is the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes. Scholars distinguish between ideological polarization (differences between the policy positions) and affective polarization (an emotional dislike and distrust of political out-groups).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_polarization
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Apr 16, 2024 · Political polarization is about the relations between political opponents, and intransigent polarization is about being unwilling to learn from, accommodate, or agree to anything proposed by opponents.
Sep 18, 2023 · Differences in thinking styles between individuals relate to political ideology and can exacerbate political polarization. We describe ideological variability related to polarization and review processes related to ideological differences that explain and influence polarization.
- April 2, 2018
- 3 Discovering Latent Ideology using LDA
- i Dir( )
- 4.2.2 Alternative Models
- Vectors
- E Comparison of LDA to PCA, Factor Analysis and k-means
- F.2. Making Sense of the NPMI Values
Abstract Strong evidence has been emerging that major democracies have become more politically polarized, at least according to measures based on the ideological positions of political elites. We ask: have the general public (`citizens') followed the same pattern? Our approach is based on unsupervised machine learning models as applied to issue-pos...
We develop an approach based on machine learning topic models that investigates the pattern of responses in the WVS data in terms of a generating structure characterized by latent political ideologies. To be clear, we will de ne an `ideology' as a probability distribution of issue-position responses across questions. Since the basic methods we use ...
Draw a type assignment zi;q Mult( Draw a response from ri;q P (ri;qjzi;q; • i) ) Given this generative process the probability of the observed survey responses is:
In our appendix we discuss two further modeling issues that relate to the quality of the information provided via the LDA framework. Firstly, in Appendix D we look at the sensitivity of our baseline 4-type model to the removal and addition of features. The basic model is very robust to the removal of features with types from iterative `leave one ou...
One di erence between our application and the standard use of LDA is that in our case features can only appear once for each observation, i.e. people can only answer each questions once, while words can appear more than once in an document. As already discussed in the main part of the paper this does not in uence on the validity of LDA, since LDA e...
This section provides a comparison between Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and the other alternative machine learning dimensionality reduction techniques, speci cally Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Factor Analysis (FA) and k-means clustering. At their core all of these techniques aim to reduce high dimensional data to a set of more easily in...
The calculation of the NPMI is based on the independent and joint probabilities of given features i and j. The probability p(i) for example could capture the share of the population that believes abortion is not justi able, while p(j) captures the probability that a person has con dence in the church. The joint probability p(i; j) then captures how...
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Jun 9, 2023 · In a first step, I delineate the basic parameters of debate by distinguishing between cluster-analytic and conflict-analytic approaches and by specifying the generic type of political conflict that characterizes the polarization of democratic polities.
Aug 1, 2022 · This article discusses the causes and consequences of a concept related to affective polarization — political sectarianism — which involves othering, aversion and moralization.
Political polarization (spelled polarisation in British English, African and Caribbean English, and New Zealand English) is the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes.
Oct 28, 2015 · Scholars have reached mixed conclusions about the implications of increased political polarization for citizen decision-making. In this paper, we argue that citizens respond to ideological divergence with heightened affective polarization.
