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  1. Dec 15, 2014 · The first the time question is as follows: Where in the world was literacy used as a tool to oppress the population by higher social classes? The second time: Was there ever a literate ruling class which used the illiteracy of lower classed people as a means of control?

    • Abolitionists Agitate Through Written Word
    • Literacy Threatens Justification of Slavery
    • After Civil War, Schools Spring Up

    African American literacy wasn’t just problematic to enslavers because of the potential for illuminating Biblical readings. “Anti-literacy laws were written in response to the rise of abolitionism in the north,” says Breen. One of the most threatening abolitionists of the time was Black New Englander David Walker. From 1829-1830, he distributed the...

    Black Americans’ literacy also threatened a major justification of slavery—that Black people were “less than human, permanently illiterate and dumb,” Lusane says. “That gets disproven when African Americans were educated, and undermines the logic of the system.” States fighting to hold on to slavery began tightening literacy laws in the early 1830s...

    Antislavery ideas had already spread, largely through the written word. As Roth points out, “Literacy promotes thought and raises consciousness. It helps you to get outside of your own cultural constraints and think about things from a totally different angle.” The view that slavery was wrong and should be ended was reinforced through written texts...

    • Colette Coleman
  2. Learning to read, in this instance, was a tool for liberation. Across the globe, activists have been making efforts to teach more women to read, as 493 million around the world currently...

  3. What the Different Types of Oppression? According to Iris Marion Young, there are five “faces” or types of oppression: violence, exploitation, marginalization, powerlessness, and cultural imperialism. Exploitation is the act of using people’s labors to produce profit while not compensating them fairly.

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  4. Literacy as Resistance. The people pictured in these images were enslaved, but they learned to read and write. Many enslavers did not allow enslaved people to read or write. Enslavers knew that reading and writing were powerful tools that could lead to freedom.

  5. Critical literacy practiced in a classroom encourages a role reversal in which stu-dents become teachers and teachers become students. Critical literacy encourages students to recognize how language affects social relations and helps to foster social justice. Language is not neutral; it always rep-

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  7. Jan 12, 2019 · But no matter the criteria, the opportunity to learn to read has been a tool for either opportunity or oppression for centuries.

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