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- Life processes of the human body are maintained at several levels of structural organization. These include the chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and the organism level. Higher levels of organization are built from lower levels.
open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/1-2-structural-organization-of-the-human-body/
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What is the physical structure of the human body?
What is human anatomy?
Nov 3, 2023 · The human body is a biological machine made of body systems; groups of organs that work together to produce and sustain life. Sometimes we get lost while studying about cells and molecules and can’t see the forest for the trees.
- Main Bones, Joints & Muscles
Main bones of the skeletal system. We’ll begin by looking at...
- Lymphatic System
The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and organs that...
- Ventricles of The Brain
The human brain is so vital and delicate that it is fully...
- Peripheral Nerves
Peripheral nerves. The workhorse of the peripheral nervous...
- Musculoskeletal System
Musculoskeletal system The musculoskeletal system (locomotor...
- Endocrine System
Ducts are instead found in exocrine glands, which produce...
- Integumentary System
Functions. The skin has a significant capacity for renewal...
- Main Bones, Joints & Muscles
- Overview
- Chemical composition of the body
- Organization of the body
Chemically, the human body consists mainly of water and organic compounds—i.e., lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The human body is about 60 percent water by weight.
What are the four main types of tissue in the human body?
The four main types of tissue in the human body are epithelial, muscle, nerve, and connective.
What are the nine major organ systems in the human body?
The nine major organ systems in the human body are the integumentary system, the musculoskeletal system, the respiratory system, the circulatory system, the digestive system, the excretory system, the nervous system, the endocrine system, and the reproductive system.
human body, the physical substance of the human organism, composed of living cells and extracellular materials and organized into tissues, organs, and systems.
Chemically, the human body consists mainly of water and of organic compounds—i.e., lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Water is found in the extracellular fluids of the body (the blood plasma, the lymph, and the interstitial fluid) and within the cells themselves. It serves as a solvent without which the chemistry of life could not take place. The human body is about 60 percent water by weight.
Lipids—chiefly fats, phospholipids, and steroids—are major structural components of the human body. Fats provide an energy reserve for the body, and fat pads also serve as insulation and shock absorbers. Phospholipids and the steroid compound cholesterol are major components of the membrane that surrounds each cell.
Proteins also serve as a major structural component of the body. Like lipids, proteins are an important constituent of the cell membrane. In addition, such extracellular materials as hair and nails are composed of protein. So also is collagen, the fibrous, elastic material that makes up much of the body’s skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Proteins also perform numerous functional roles in the body. Particularly important are cellular proteins called enzymes, which catalyze the chemical reactions necessary for life.
Carbohydrates are present in the human body largely as fuels, either as simple sugars circulating through the bloodstream or as glycogen, a storage compound found in the liver and the muscles. Small amounts of carbohydrates also occur in cell membranes, but, in contrast to plants and many invertebrate animals, humans have little structural carbohydrate in their bodies.
Nucleic acids make up the genetic materials of the body. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) carries the body’s hereditary master code, the instructions according to which each cell operates. It is DNA, passed from parents to offspring, that dictates the inherited characteristics of each individual human. Ribonucleic acid (RNA), of which there are several types, helps carry out the instructions encoded in the DNA.
Along with water and organic compounds, the body’s constituents include various inorganic minerals. Chief among these are calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, and iron. Calcium and phosphorus, combined as calcium-phosphate crystals, form a large part of the body’s bones. Calcium is also present as ions in the blood and interstitial fluid, as is sodium. Ions of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, on the other hand, are abundant within the intercellular fluid. All of these ions play vital roles in the body’s metabolic processes. Iron is present mainly as part of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying pigment of the red blood cells. Other mineral constituents of the body, found in minute but necessary concentrations, include cobalt, copper, iodine, manganese, and zinc.
The cell is the basic living unit of the human body—indeed, of all organisms. The human body consists of trillions of cells, each capable of growth, metabolism, response to stimuli, and, with some exceptions, reproduction. Although there are some 200 different types of cells in the body, these can be grouped into four basic classes. These four basic cell types, together with their extracellular materials, form the fundamental tissues of the human body:
1.epithelial tissues, which cover the body’s surface and line the internal organs, body cavities, and passageways
2.muscle tissues, which are capable of contraction and form the body’s musculature
3.nerve tissues, which conduct electrical impulses and make up the nervous system
4.connective tissues, which are composed of widely spaced cells and large amounts of intercellular matrix and which bind together various body structures
Bone and blood are considered specialized connective tissues, in which the intercellular matrix is, respectively, hard and liquid.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Apr 5, 2024 · What are the different systems of the human body? Our bodies consist of a number of biological systems that carry out specific functions necessary for everyday living. Some organs and tissues...
The human body is an incredibly complex structure, with cells, tissues, and organs assembled into highly organized systems that work together to perform an astonishing array of functions—from seeing and hearing to breathing and digesting food to running, playing a musical instrument, and problem-solving. Each of the major systems of the body ...
Different systems of the body carry out different functions. For example, your digestive system is responsible for taking in and processing food, while your respiratory system—working with your circulatory system—is responsible for taking up oxygen and getting rid of carbon dioxide.
- Yes. Glial cells are the neuron's "helper". They provide neurons with support, insulation, and protection.
- One of the more well-known hormones that are made in the brain is the *Growth Hormone*, which is produced by the pituitary gland. It is a small gla...
- I would say it depends on the organism and how it functions! For example, we are quite complex (organ-wise) and are obviously quite successful anim...
- Arteries have an outer tube of connective tissue for structural support. And smooth muscle tissue makes next layer. Smooth muscle tissue layer allo...
- Cells of connective tissue work in synergy. They provide matrix (as some form of a skeleton) which is 'invaded' with mobile or fixed cells of conne...
- Every tissue has its role in an organ! Epithelial gives protection, skeletal gives support, muscle helps locomotion and neural conducting signals!...
- "Phlegm" is removed from your throat in a couple of different ways: phlegm that is produced in your respiratory passageways is moved into your oral...
- They do — arteries are a type of blood vessel (i.e. an element of the cardiovascular system), which is mentioned in this article. In the future, fo...
- The biosphere-- consisting of all life on earth.
Sep 19, 2024 · The body has 11 different organ systems. Each group of organs has a different complex function, such as movement, breathing, or digestion. In some cases, one system works closely with another on a particular task.
Jan 26, 2024 · The five vital organs in the human body are the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, and liver. Other organs include the gallbladder, pancreas, and stomach.
