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In performing an independent external review and assessment of cost, budget, and management of the ISS, the IMCE Task Force (Appendix C) has made the following specific findings: The ISS Program, while taking a conservative approach and making safety paramount, has achieved excellent progress in integration of diverse international technologies.
- B. Human behavioral problems that affect cost estimation and control
- A. The Advanced Missions Cost Model (AMCM).
- B. The commercial PRICE-H hardware cost model
- F. DDT&E cost estimation summary
- III. Launch and Emplacement (L&E) cost estimation
- VI. Conclusion
Some of the human behavioral problems with costs include the use of best-case minimum cost estimates, political sensitivity to high cost estimates, short term rather than long term or life cycle thinking, and failure to ignore sunk costs. Best case cost estimates The cost estimates that are presented to secure project approval tend to be the best...
The AMCM was developed by the Exploration Programs Office at Johnson Space Center. It was intended to be a long-range cost forecasting tool that could predict cost as far out as 25 to 50 years, that would include substantially different types of systems, would be simple to use, would require few inputs, and would allow cost studies to be performed ...
The PRICE parametric cost models dominate the commercial market and are frequently used in aerospace. PRICE models exist for hardware development, hardware maintenance, software development, life-cycle costs, and scheduling. They are distributed by Parametric Review of Information for Costing and Evaluation (PRICE) Systems Solutions. The PRICE H ...
The AMCM is simple and quick to use. It does not require specialized software or a trained operator. It seems the best cost estimator for use during system trade-offs and initial technology assessment. Repeatable, defensible relative costs comparisons would be more important that a refined but subjective best guess cost estimate. The Price- H cost ...
Some missions such as ISS operate in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Missions beyond LEO will typically reach LEO first and later depart to the moon, an asteroid, or Mars. The cost to launch and emplace space systems thus has two components, the cost of launch to LEO and the additional cost for emplacement at the mission location beyond LEO.
quick rough order of magnitude estimate of space systems’ Life Cycle Cost (LCC) can be provided by adding estimates of the costs for Design, Development, Test, and Evaluation (DDT&E), Launch and Emplacement (L&E), and operations. The DDT&E cost estimate is developed using the Advanced Missions Cost Model (AMCM). The L&E cost estimate is based on th...
- Harry W. Jones
- 2015
H.3.1.5. Cost Estimate Results The cost estimate should be a logical outcome of the approach taken to solve the estimating problem. The estimator must decide on how best to present the results. • A tabular approach works well for presenting detailed subsystem or component-level costs.
Nov 1, 2001 · After these findings, the Task Force has formulated several primary recommendations which are published here and include: (1) Major changes must be made in how the ISS program is managed; (2) Additional cost reductions are required within the baseline program; (3) Additional funds must be identified and applied from the Human Space Flight ...
- A. Thomas Young, Yvonne Kellogg
- 2001
To introduce key cost estimating concepts and terms, including complexity factors, learning curve, non-recurring and recurring costs, and wrap factors. To introduce the use of probability as applied to parametric estimating, with an emphasis on Monte Carlo simulation and the concept of the S-curve.
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The major ESAS cost assumptions are listed below: Cost is estimated in 2005 dollars in full cost (including civil service and corporate General and Administrative (G&A)). Cost is converted to inflated (“real year”) dollars only for the “sand chart” budget overviews.
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Using the same cost factors and life cycle cost estimating approach, the cost of the life support for the Mars mission could be two billion dollars or more. The cost to go to Mars is expected to be two or three times that of either Apollo, space shuttle, or ISS and could be as much as all three together.
