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Too Many Overall Calories. Weight gain is a major effect of eating too many calories. Your body needs enough calories to function, but when you take in more than your body uses, it stores the excess calories in the form of fat. Extra calories are mainly stored in the form of triglycerides, which, when elevated, places your heart health at risk.
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Nov 16, 2022 · The #1 Thing You Should Do After Overeating, According to Dietitians. Just like Taylor Swift famously sang, "Shake It Off," says Lisa Valente, M.S., RD. "The best thing you can do is take a breath, let it go and move forward." She adds, "Don't try to reset or restrict, try not to stress and just go right back to 'normal' whatever that looks like.
- Overview
- 1. May promote excess body fat
- 2. May disrupt hunger regulation
- 3. May increase disease risk
- 4. May impair brain function
- 5. May make you nauseous
- 6. May cause excessive gas and bloating
- 7. May make you sleepy
- The bottom line
Whether you’re at home or out and about, endless tasty food options and the wide availability of quick snacks make it easy to overeat.
If you’re unaware of portion sizes, overeating can easily spiral out of control and lead to various negative health consequences.
One way to get this habit under control is to first understand how overeating affects your body.
Here are 7 harmful effects of overeating.
Your daily calorie balance is determined by how many calories you consume versus how many you burn.
When you eat more than you expend, this is known as a calorie surplus. Your body may store these additional calories as fat.
Overeating may be especially problematic for developing excess body fat or obesity because you may be consuming far more calories than you need (1).
That said, overconsuming protein doesn’t likely increase body fat due to the way it’s metabolized. Excess calories from carbs and fats are much more prone to boost body fat (1, 2).
To prevent excess fat gain, try filling up on lean proteins and non-starchy vegetables before eating higher carb and higher fat foods.
SUmmary
Two major hormones affect hunger regulation — ghrelin, which stimulates appetite, and leptin, which suppresses appetite (3).
When you haven’t eaten for a while, ghrelin levels increase. Then, after you’ve eaten, leptin levels tell your body that it’s full.
However, overeating may disrupt this balance.
Eating foods high in fat, salt, or sugar releases feel-good hormones like dopamine, which activate pleasure centers in your brain (4).
Over time, your body may associate these pleasure sensations with certain foods, which tend to be high in fat and calories. This process may eventually override hunger regulation, encouraging you to eat for pleasure rather than hunger (5).
Disruption of these hormones may trigger a perpetual cycle of overeating.
While occasional overeating likely doesn’t affect long-term health, chronic overeating can lead to obesity. In turn, this condition has consistently been shown to increase disease risk (6, 7, 8).
Obesity, which is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or above, is one of the main risk factors for metabolic syndrome. This cluster of conditions raises your chances of heart disease and other health problems, such as diabetes and stroke (9).
Indicators of metabolic syndrome include high levels of fat in your blood, elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance, and inflammation (9).
Insulin resistance itself is closely linked to chronic overeating. It develops when excess sugar in your blood reduces the ability of the hormone insulin to store blood sugar in your cells.
If left uncontrolled, insulin resistance may lead to type 2 diabetes.
You can reduce your risk of these conditions by avoiding high calorie, processed foods, eating plenty of fiber-rich vegetables, and moderating portions sizes of carbs.
Over time, overeating may harm brain function.
Several studies tie continual overeating and obesity to mental decline in older adults, compared with those who do not overeat (10, 11, 12).
One study in older adults found that being overweight negatively affected memory, compared with normal weight individuals (11).
That said, more studies are needed to identify the extent and mechanisms of mental decline related to overeating and obesity.
Given that your brain comprises approximately 60% fat, eating healthy fats like avocados, nut butters, fatty fish, and olive oil may help prevent mental decline (12, 13, 14).
Summary
Overeating on a regular basis can cause uncomfortable feelings of nausea and indigestion.
The adult stomach is approximately the size of a clenched fist and can hold about 2.5 ounces (75 mL) when empty, though it can expand to hold around 1 quart (950 mL) (15, 16).
Note that these numbers vary based on your size and how much you regularly eat.
When you eat a big meal and start to reach the upper limit of your stomach’s capacity, you may experience nausea or indigestion. In severe cases, this nausea may trigger vomiting, which is your body’s way of relieving acute stomach pressure (17).
While numerous over-the-counter medications may treat these conditions, the best approach is to regulate your portion sizes and eat slower to prevent these symptoms in the first place.
Summary
Eating large amounts of food may strain your digestive system, triggering gas and bloating.
The gas-producing items that people tend to overeat are spicy and fatty foods, as well as carbonated drinks like soda. Beans, certain veggies, and whole grains may also produce gas, though these aren’t overeaten as often.
Furthermore, eating too fast may promote gas and bloating due to large amounts of food rapidly entering your stomach (18, 19).
You can avoid excess gas and bloating by eating slowly, waiting until after meals to drink fluids, and reducing your portion sizes of gassy foods.
summary
Eating large amounts of spicy and fatty foods, as well as drinking fizzy beverages like soda, can cause gas and bloating.
After overeating, many people become sluggish or tired.
This may be due to a phenomenon called reactive hypoglycemia, in which your blood sugars drop shortly after eating a big meal (20, 21, 22).
Low blood sugar is commonly associated with symptoms like sleepiness, sluggishness, rapid heart rate, and headaches (23).
While not fully understood, the cause is thought to be related to excess insulin production (24).
Though most common in people with diabetes who administer too much insulin, reactive hypoglycemia may occur in some individuals as a result of overeating.
summary
It’s easy to overeat if you don’t pay attention to how much you eat or how full you feel.
Indeed, this common habit may lead to bloating, gas, nausea, excess body fat, and a higher risk of several illnesses.
Therefore, you should work to prevent overeating by reducing your portion sizes, eating fewer processed foods, and orienting your diet around whole foods.
If you desire, you can consult a dietitian to help you create an eating plan that promotes long-term health.
Oct 4, 2022 · New study provides experimental evidence that late eating may increase hunger, obesity risk. Obesity afflicts approximately 42 percent of the U.S. adult population and contributes to the onset of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and other conditions. While popular healthy diet mantras advise against midnight snacking, few studies ...
When you eat, your body uses some of the calories you consume for energy. The rest are stored as fat. Consuming more calories than you burn may cause you to become overweight or obese. This increases your risk for cancer and other chronic health problems. Overeating -- especially unhealthy foods -- can take its toll on your digestive system.
- Kellie Bramlet Blackburn
Jul 29, 2024 · Short-Term Effects of Eating Too Much. Acid reflux or heartburn. Feeling sluggish. Stomach discomfort. Elevated blood sugar. When you eat, your stomach expands to hold what you have consumed. A stretched, or full, stomach sends signals to the brain that you are full. Eating too much can cause the stomach to stretch past its normal capacity ...
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Aug 7, 2020 · Many members gain 11 kilograms of fat in just two months by eating roughly 8,700 calories per day – more than three times what most adults are advised to eat in a day. While this is an extreme example, it shows us that our bodies are readily capable of over-eating – which isn't necessarily a good thing.
