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Surface Tension, Heat of Vaporization, and Vapor Pressure. Besides mercury, water has the highest surface tension for all liquids. Water's high surface tension is due to the hydrogen bonding in water molecules. Water also has an exceptionally high heat of vaporization. Vaporization occurs when a liquid changes to a gas, which makes it an ...
Surface Tension, Heat of Vaporization, and Vapor Pressure. Besides mercury, water has the highest surface tension for all liquids. Water's high surface tension is due to the hydrogen bonding in water molecules. Water also has an exceptionally high heat of vaporization. Vaporization occurs when a liquid changes to a gas, which makes it an ...
- Cohesive Forces. Attractive forces between molecules of the same type are called cohesive forces.
- Adhesive Forces. Attractive forces between molecules of different types are called adhesive forces. Figure 11.24 The soap bubbles in this photograph are caused by cohesive forces among molecules in liquids.
- Surface Tension. Cohesive forces between molecules cause the surface of a liquid to contract to the smallest possible surface area. This general effect is called surface tension.
- Making Connections: Surface Tension. Forces between atoms and molecules underlie the macroscopic effect called surface tension. These attractive forces pull the molecules closer together and tend to minimize the surface area.
A small drop of liquid tends to assume a spherical shape, as shown in Figure 7.8.2 7.8. 2, because in a sphere, the ratio of surface area to volume is at a minimum. Larger drops are more greatly affected by gravity, air resistance, surface interactions, and so on, and as a result, are less spherical.
Apr 13, 2014 · This dependence can be seen in two things. First, the fluid never outruns the air, and the lift-off instability is not due to contact with the impact surface. Second, despite the speed of ...
Mar 17, 2014 · When the researchers quantified this effect, they found that only 20 to 30 percent of water vapor molecules hitting the liquid surface actually condense, with the majority bouncing away. A no-bounce design. They also found that a molecule’s bouncing probability depends on temperature: 64 percent of molecules will bounce at 90 degrees ...
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Oct 5, 2011 · The most abundant compound on Earth's surface, water is essential to life and has shaped the course of human civilization. As perhaps the most common liquid interface, the air-water interface ...
