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Basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper Author/Authors Rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors that apply to all APA-style references in your reference list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronic resource, etc.)
- Apa In-Text Citations
- Apa References
- Formatting The Apa Reference Page
- Free Lecture Slides
The basics
In-text citations are brief references in the running text that direct readers to the reference entry at the end of the paper. You include them every time you quote or paraphrase someone else’s ideas or words to avoid plagiarism. Our plagiarism checkercan help ensure your paper contains appropriate author attributions. An APA in-text citation consists of the author’s last name and the year of publication (also known as the author-date system). If you’re citing a specific part of a source, you...
Parenthetical vs. narrative citation
The in-text citation can take two forms: parenthetical and narrative. Both types are generated automatically when citing a source with Scribbr’s APA Citation Generator. 1. Parenthetical citation: According to new research … (Smith, 2020). 2. Narrative citation: Smith (2020)notes that …
Multiple authors and corporate authors
The in-text citation changes slightly when a source has multiple authors or an organization as an author. Pay attention to punctuation and the use of the ampersand (&) symbol.
The basics
APA references generally include information about the author, publication date, title, and source. Depending on the type of source, you may have to include extra information that helps your reader locate the source.
Reference examples
Citing a source starts with choosing the correct reference format. Use Scribbr’s Citation Example Generator to learn more about the format for the most common source types. Pay close attention to punctuation, capitalization, and italicization. Generate APA citations for free
Missing information
It is not uncommon for certain information to be unknown or missing, especially with sources found online. In these cases, the reference is slightly adjusted.
The basics
On the reference page, you list all the sources that you’ve cited throughout your paper. Place the page right after the main body and before any appendices. On the first line of the page, write the section label “References” (in bold and centered). On the second line, start listing your references in alphabetical order. Apply these formatting guidelines to the APA reference page: 1. Double spacing (within and between references) 2. Hanging indent of ½ inch 3. Legible font (e.g. Times New Roma...
Which sources to include
On the reference page, you only include sources that you have cited in the text (with an in-text citation). You should not include references to personal communicationsthat your reader can’t access (e.g. emails, phone conversations or private online material).
Are you a teacher or professor looking to introduce your students to APA Style? Download our free introductory lecture slides, available for Google Slides and Microsoft PowerPoint. Open Google SlidesDownload PowerPoint
- (Smith, 2020)
- (Smith et al., 2020)
- (Scribbr, 2020)
- (Smith & Jones, 2020)
Nov 6, 2020 · APA provides guidelines for formatting the references as well as the page itself. Creating APA Style references. Play around with the Scribbr Citation Example Generator below to learn about the APA reference format of the most common source types or generate APA citations for free with Scribbr’s APA Citation Generator.
- The easiest way to set up APA format in Word is to download Scribbr’s free APA format template for student papers or professional papers. Alternati...
- APA Style papers should be written in a font that is legible and widely accessible. For example: Times New Roman (12pt.) Arial (11pt.) Calibri (11p...
- You need an APA in-text citation and reference entry . Each source type has its own format; for example, a webpage citation is different from a boo...
- Yes, page numbers are included on all pages, including the title page , table of contents , and reference page . Page numbers should be right-align...
- APA format is widely used by professionals, researchers, and students in the social and behavioral sciences, including fields like education, psych...
2 days ago · At the end of this lesson, you will be able to: Outline the purpose of citing sources in your own work. Identify the parts of citing a source in APA Style. Locate the online APA citation and format guide. This series of APA Style lessons covers APA Style 7th edition. Identify two types of in-text citations. Distinguish between paraphrasing and ...
APA Style is described in the seventh edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, which is a reference book that contains comprehensive guidelines on how to set up a scholarly paper; format a title page, tables, figures, and other paper elements; create references and in-text citations; and write without bias, as well as on punctuation, grammar, and writing style.
Feb 8, 2023 · APA format is a set of formatting and citation guidelines for how an academic paper should look, similar to other styles like Chicago or MLA. APA format is usually preferred for subjects in the social sciences, such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, criminology, education, and occasionally business.
People also ask
What is APA style citation generator?
How do you cite APA citations?
What is an APA in-text citation?
APA Style uses the author–date citation system, in which a brief in-text citation directs readers to a full reference list entry.The in-text citation appears within the body of the paper (or in a table, figure, footnote, or appendix) and briefly identifies the cited work by its author and date of publication.
