Search results
A Complete List of Greek Gods, Their Names & Their Realms of Influence. There have been many Greek gods mentioned across thousands of stories in Greek mythology – from the Olympian gods all the way down to the many minor gods.
- Kratos
The God of Strength. Kratos is an interesting figure in...
- Poseidon
Greek God of the Sea. Poseidon was god of the sea,...
- Helios
As the sun god, Helios would make a daily journey across the...
- Hyperion
Hyperion, together with his wife Theia, had three...
- Zeus
Hesiod described Zeus as a god who “brought peace in place...
- Ares
Ares is the god of war, one of the Twelve Olympian gods and...
- Hephaestus
Greek God of Fire and Metalworking. Hephaestus was the god...
- Coeus
Titan God of the North, Titan of Resolve and Intelligence....
- Kratos
Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of ancient Greek folklore, today absorbed alongside Roman mythology into the broader designation of classical mythology.
- Overview
- The Homeric poems: the Iliad and the Odyssey
- The works of Hesiod: Theogony and Works and Days
- Other literary works
- Archaeological discoveries
Greek myth takes many forms, from religious myths of origin to folktales and legends of heroes. In terms of gods, the Greek pantheon consists of 12 deities who were said to reside at Mount Olympus: Zeus, Hera, Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, Athena, Demeter, Dionysus, Hephaestus, Hermes, and Poseidon. (This list sometimes also includes Hades or Hestia). Other major figures of Greek myth include the heroes Odysseus, Orpheus, and Heracles; the Titans; and the nine Muses.
None
Learn more about ancient Greek religion, which is different from, but closely related to, Greek mythology.
What are some major works in Greek mythology?
Some of the most important and well-known works of Greek mythology are the epic poems of Homer: the Iliad and the Odyssey. In these, many of the characteristics of the Olympian gods and notable heroes are outlined. The fullest and most important source of myths about the origin of the gods is the Theogony of Hesiod, which also includes folktales and etiological myths. Hesiod also contributed Works and Days, an epic poem about the agricultural arts which includes elements of myth.
Read more below: None
The 5th-century-bce Greek historian Herodotus remarked that Homer and Hesiod gave to the Olympian gods their familiar characteristics. Few today would accept this literally. In the first book of the Iliad, the son of Zeus and Leto (Apollo, line 9) is as instantly identifiable to the Greek reader by his patronymic as are the sons of Atreus (Agamemno...
The fullest and most important source of myths about the origin of the gods is the Theogony of Hesiod (c. 700 bce). The elaborate genealogies mentioned above are accompanied by folktales and etiological myths. The Works and Days shares some of these in the context of a farmer’s calendar and an extensive harangue on the subject of justice addressed to Hesiod’s possibly fictitious brother Perses. The orthodox view treats the two poems as quite different in theme and treats the Works and Days as a theodicy (a natural theology). It is possible, however, to treat the two poems as a diptych, each part dependent on the other. The Theogony declares the identities and alliances of the gods, while the Works and Days gives advice on the best way to succeed in a dangerous world, and Hesiod urges that the most reliable—though by no means certain—way is to be just.
Britannica Quiz
Fragmentary post-Homeric epics of varying date and authorship filled the gaps in the accounts of the Trojan War recorded in the Iliad and Odyssey; the so-called Homeric Hymns (shorter surviving poems) are the source of several important religious myths. Many of the lyric poets preserved various myths, but the odes of Pindar of Thebes (flourished 6th–5th century bce) are particularly rich in myth and legend. The works of the three tragedians—Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, all of the 5th century bce—are remarkable for the variety of the traditions they preserve.
In Hellenistic times (323–30 bce) Callimachus, a 3rd-century-bce poet and scholar in Alexandria, recorded many obscure myths; his contemporary, the mythographer Euhemerus, suggested that the gods were originally human, a view known as Euhemerism. Apollonius of Rhodes, another scholar of the 3rd century bce, preserved the fullest account of the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece.
Are you a student? Get Britannica Premium for only 24.95 - a 67% discount!
Learn More
The discovery of the Mycenaean civilization by Heinrich Schliemann, a 19th-century German amateur archaeologist, and the discovery of the Minoan civilization in Crete (from which the Mycenaean ultimately derived) by Sir Arthur Evans, a 20th-century English archaeologist, are essential to the 21st-century understanding of the development of myth and ritual in the Greek world. Such discoveries illuminated aspects of Minoan culture from about 2200 to 1450 bce and Mycenaean culture from about 1600 to 1200 bce; those eras were followed by a Dark Age that lasted until about 800 bce. Unfortunately, the evidence about myth and ritual at Mycenaean and Minoan sites is entirely monumental, because the Linear B script (an ancient form of Greek found in both Crete and Greece) was mainly used to record inventories.
Geometric designs on pottery of the 8th century bce depict scenes from the Trojan cycle, as well as the adventures of Heracles. The extreme formality of the style, however, renders much of the identification difficult, and there is no inscriptional evidence accompanying the designs to assist scholars in identification and interpretation. In the succeeding Archaic (c. 750–c. 500 bce), Classical (c. 480–323 bce), and Hellenistic periods, Homeric and various other mythological scenes appear to supplement the existing literary evidence.
May 30, 2024 · The twelve Greek gods are Zeus, Poseidon, Hera, Aphrodite, Apollo, Artemis, Demeter, Hephaistos, Hermes, Ares, Athene, and Dionysos. Other divinities in Greek mythology often associated with them include Hades, Hekate, and Hestia. Zeus, the Greek god of gods.
- Poseidon. Poseidon is the Greek god of the seas. He is known for protecting the sailors, but he will also inflict his wrath on those who he feels has done him wrong.
- Hera. Hera is the Greek goddess of marriage and the queen of the goddesses. She is the one who inflicts a madness upon Hercules to make him kill his wife and children, resulting in his accomplishment of 12 labors.
- Demeter. Demeter is the Greek goddess of agriculture, harvest, and fertility of the earth. Demeter brings drought and famine upon the earth when Hades steals her daughter, Persephone, from the earth and takes her to the underworld.
- Athena. Athena is the Greek goddess of wisdom and knowledge. She is born from the head of Zeus after he swallowed Athena’s mother when she was pregnant.
Dec 2, 2009 · Ancient Greek mythology is a vast group of legends about gods and goddesses, heroes and monsters, warriors and fools, that were an important part of everyday life in the ancient world.
What is Greek Mythology? Greek mythology is a collection of ancient stories and myths that originated in ancient Greece. These myths were created by the ancient Greeks to explain the world around them, understand the nature of gods and humans, and explore various aspects of human life and behavior.
