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- It’s how they approach their teaching style, and relates to the different theories they use, how they give feedback, and the assessments they set. When people refer to the pedagogy of teaching, it means how the teacher delivers the curriculum to the class.
learningjournals.co.uk/what-are-the-different-pedagogical-approaches-to-learning/
Approaches to teaching and learning. This chapter considers approaches to instruction that have the highest impact on students’ learning and performance and support the development of the Cambridge learner and teacher attributes.
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- Behaviorism
- Cognitivism
- Constructivism
- Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
- Vygotsky’s Theory of Learning
- Zone of Proximal Development
- Bloom’s Domains of Learning
- Gagné’s Conditions of Learning
- Jerome Bruner
- Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Behaviorism is based on the idea that knowledge is independent and on the exterior of the learner. In a behaviorist’s mind, the learner is a blank slate that should be provided with the information to be learnt. Through this interaction, new associations are made and thus learning occurs. Learning is achieved when the provided stimulus changes beha...
In contrast to behaviorism, cognitivism focuses on the idea that students process information they receive rather than just responding to a stimulus, as with behaviorism. There is still a behavior change evident, but this is in response to thinking and processing information. Cognitive theories were developed in the early 1900s in Germany from Gest...
Constructivism is based on the premise that we construct learning new ideas based on our own prior knowledge and experiences. Learning, therefore, is unique to the individual learner. Students adapt their models of understanding either by reflecting on prior theories or resolving misconceptions. Students need to have a prior base of knowledge for c...
Piagetis an interesting character in Psychology. His theory of learning differs from many others in some important ways: First, he focuses exclusively on children; Second, he talks about development (not learningper se) and Third, it’s a stage theory, not a linear progression theory. OK, so what’s he on about? Well, there are some basic ideas to ge...
Vygotskytakes a different approach to Piaget’s idea that development precedes learning. Instead, he reckons that social learningis an integral part of cognitive development and it is culture, not developmental Stage that underlies cognitive development. Because of that, he argues that learning varies across cultures rather than being a universal pr...
He makes a big deal of the idea of the Zone of Proximal Developmentin which children and those they are learning from co-construct knowledge. Therefore, the social environment in which children learn has a massive impact on how they think and what they think about. They also differ in how they view language. For Piaget, thought drives language but ...
In 1956, American educational psychologist, Benjamin Bloom, first proposed three domains of learning; cognitive, affective and psycho-motor. Bloom worked in collaboration with David Krathwohl and Anne Harrow throughout the 1950s-70s on the three domains.
Robert Mills Gagné was an American educational psychologist who, in 1965 published his book “The Conditions of Learning”. In it, he discusses the analysis of learning objectives and how the different classes of objective require specific teaching methods. He called these his 5 conditions of learning, all of which fall under the cognitive, affective...
Bruner’s Spiral Curriculum
Cognitive learning theorist, Jerome Bruner based the spiral curriculum on his idea that “We begin with the hypothesis that any subject can be taught in some intellectually honest form to any child at any stage of development”. In other words, he meant that even very complex topics can be taught to young children if structured and presented in the right way. The spiral curriculum is based on three key ideas. 1. Students revisit the same topic multiple times throughout their school career. This...
Bruner’s 3 Modes of Representation
Following the idea of the spiral curriculum, Bruner presented the idea of three modes of representation. These modes of representation refer to the way knowledge is stored in memory. Unlike Piaget’s age-related stages, Bruner’s modes are loosely sequential. 1. Enactive (age 0-1 years).Representation of knowledge through physical actions. 2. Iconic (age 1-6 years).Visual representation of knowledge stored via visual images. 3. Symbolic (age 7+ years).The use of words and symbols to describe ex...
The basic premise for Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is that students progress through a set of sequential needs from physiological to self-actualization. As they move up through the levels, they feel more comfortable in their learning environment and have the confidence to push further. It’s important to note that any group of students will have lear...
May 16, 2024 · Discover expert pedagogical approaches to use in your college classroom. Plus, download our free guide to keep these strategies handy. Learn what ‘pedagogy’ is, why it’s important for every classroom and how pedagogy has been evolving to take 21st-century skills and learning into account.
Constructivism. This can also be described as progressive teaching style which is a response to a traditional method of teaching. It focuses on the idea that children are active rather than passive learners. The idea behind this theory is that children learn through experiences and reflection.
Oct 17, 2024 · Elementary Education: Explore strategies for teaching foundational literacy and math skills, managing diverse learners, and promoting a love of learning. Middle School Education: Find resources for engaging adolescents, differentiating instruction, and addressing the unique social and emotional needs of this age group.
Oct 24, 2024 · Put simply, pedagogy in education is the study of optimal frameworks and techniques for teaching and learning and their execution. It is, in a large sense, professional teaching theories and practices—the applied art and science of co-creating knowledge in a classroom setting. However, pedagogy is not limited to the realm of formal education.
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Knowledge and application of explicit teaching, modelling and scaffolding practices that support how a student’s brain learns. An ability to effectively select a range of evidence-based assessment practices to evaluate progress, adjust instruction, provide targeted feedback, and support learning.
