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Education is a permanent and hazardous attempt to adapt to each new child. The subjects or themes of educational theory emerge in response to educational phenomena which may be of a moral, esthetic, or pragmatic nature. This is conditional on the identification of a certain need or deficit which requires pedagogical processing.
- Cognitive Development
Cognitive Development. C.D. Vallotton, K.W. Fischer, in...
- Artificial Intelligence
Research based on this assumption resulted in an information...
- Information Literacy
Concluding comments. Annemaree Lloyd, in Information...
- Cognitive Development
- Behaviorism
- Cognitivism
- Constructivism
- Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
- Vygotsky’s Theory of Learning
- Zone of Proximal Development
- Bloom’s Domains of Learning
- Gagné’s Conditions of Learning
- Jerome Bruner
- Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Behaviorism is based on the idea that knowledge is independent and on the exterior of the learner. In a behaviorist’s mind, the learner is a blank slate that should be provided with the information to be learnt. Through this interaction, new associations are made and thus learning occurs. Learning is achieved when the provided stimulus changes beha...
In contrast to behaviorism, cognitivism focuses on the idea that students process information they receive rather than just responding to a stimulus, as with behaviorism. There is still a behavior change evident, but this is in response to thinking and processing information. Cognitive theories were developed in the early 1900s in Germany from Gest...
Constructivism is based on the premise that we construct learning new ideas based on our own prior knowledge and experiences. Learning, therefore, is unique to the individual learner. Students adapt their models of understanding either by reflecting on prior theories or resolving misconceptions. Students need to have a prior base of knowledge for c...
Piagetis an interesting character in Psychology. His theory of learning differs from many others in some important ways: First, he focuses exclusively on children; Second, he talks about development (not learningper se) and Third, it’s a stage theory, not a linear progression theory. OK, so what’s he on about? Well, there are some basic ideas to ge...
Vygotskytakes a different approach to Piaget’s idea that development precedes learning. Instead, he reckons that social learningis an integral part of cognitive development and it is culture, not developmental Stage that underlies cognitive development. Because of that, he argues that learning varies across cultures rather than being a universal pr...
He makes a big deal of the idea of the Zone of Proximal Developmentin which children and those they are learning from co-construct knowledge. Therefore, the social environment in which children learn has a massive impact on how they think and what they think about. They also differ in how they view language. For Piaget, thought drives language but ...
In 1956, American educational psychologist, Benjamin Bloom, first proposed three domains of learning; cognitive, affective and psycho-motor. Bloom worked in collaboration with David Krathwohl and Anne Harrow throughout the 1950s-70s on the three domains.
Robert Mills Gagné was an American educational psychologist who, in 1965 published his book “The Conditions of Learning”. In it, he discusses the analysis of learning objectives and how the different classes of objective require specific teaching methods. He called these his 5 conditions of learning, all of which fall under the cognitive, affective...
Bruner’s Spiral Curriculum
Cognitive learning theorist, Jerome Bruner based the spiral curriculum on his idea that “We begin with the hypothesis that any subject can be taught in some intellectually honest form to any child at any stage of development”. In other words, he meant that even very complex topics can be taught to young children if structured and presented in the right way. The spiral curriculum is based on three key ideas. 1. Students revisit the same topic multiple times throughout their school career. This...
Bruner’s 3 Modes of Representation
Following the idea of the spiral curriculum, Bruner presented the idea of three modes of representation. These modes of representation refer to the way knowledge is stored in memory. Unlike Piaget’s age-related stages, Bruner’s modes are loosely sequential. 1. Enactive (age 0-1 years).Representation of knowledge through physical actions. 2. Iconic (age 1-6 years).Visual representation of knowledge stored via visual images. 3. Symbolic (age 7+ years).The use of words and symbols to describe ex...
The basic premise for Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is that students progress through a set of sequential needs from physiological to self-actualization. As they move up through the levels, they feel more comfortable in their learning environment and have the confidence to push further. It’s important to note that any group of students will have lear...
Learning is the change in knowledge, behavior, or understanding that occurs when people make connections between new information and their existing knowledge. Various theories attempt to describe the factors that enable the learning process. Learning does not happen in the same way or at the same time for all students.
- Laura Saunders, Melissa A. Wong
- 2020
Educational theory is not a single theory, but rather an umbrella term that covers many theories and assumptions of learning and retaining information. The term “educational theory” refers to theories that explain the application, interpretation and purpose of learning and education. Education theory is also referred to as pedagogical ...
Sep 9, 2021 · Educational theories influence learning in a variety of ways. Learning theory examples can affect teachers' approach to instruction and classroom management. Finding the right approach (even if combining two or more learning theories) can make the difference between an effective and inspiring classroom experience and an ineffective one.
What is an Educational Learning Theory? An education learning theory is a particular set of beliefs, based on scientific research, as to how learning takes place. A theory explains how children take in, process and retain new ideas and concepts.
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This document provides a comprehensive overview of various educational learning theories, detailing their key concepts, major theorists, practical applications, limitations, and resources. Each theory offers a unique perspective on the learning process, contributing to the diverse educational practices observed in classrooms.
