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Hemorrhoids are enlarged blood vessels in your anus (butthole) that can sometimes cause uncomfortable symptoms, like anal pain and bleeding. Hemorrhoids are common, and usually harmless. Most won’t require any medical treatment, let alone surgery. But in certain circumstances, for certain hemorrhoids, hemorrhoidectomy is the best option.
- Overview
- Types of hemorrhoid surgery
- Aftercare for hemorrhoid surgery
- Complications and risks
- Takeaway
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (outside the rectum). Depending on their type and grade, it may be possible to remove them surgically.
Most hemorrhoidal flare-ups stop hurting within 2 weeks without treatment. According to the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS), eating a high fiber diet and drinking 8 to 10 glasses of water per day can usually help you manage the symptoms by promoting softer and more regular bowel movements.
In some cases, you may also need to use stool softeners to reduce straining during bowel movements, as straining can make your hemorrhoids worse.
The ASCRS estimates that less than 10 percent of hemorrhoid cases require surgery, but this can become necessary in some cases when external or prolapsed hemorrhoids become too irritated, infected, or when there are complications.
Surgeries for hemorrhoids can be divided into simpler, outpatient, and less invasive procedures you can do without anesthesia and more complex, inpatient surgeries.
Depending on the severity of your symptoms, and whether you have complications, your doctor will determine whether you need surgery and the type of procedure best for you.
The severity of hemorrhoids is classified by grades as follows:
•Grade 1: no prolapse
•Grade 2: prolapse that goes away by itself
•Grade 3: prolapse that you have to push back in on your own
Medications
Your doctor will probably prescribe painkillers to ease the discomfort. These may include: •Opioids. Opioids like oxycodone are typically taken every 2–4 hours according to the dosage your surgeon prescribes. Typically it’s no more than one–two pills. •Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). NSAIDS like ibuprofen are available over-the-counter (OTC) and by prescription in higher dosages. Check with your doctor for your recommended dosage depending on your level or pain and the specific surgery you underwent. •Ativan. This is a spasm reducing medication that doctors often prescribe for hemorrhoidectomies. You typically take it as needed every 6 hours. Since opioids are addictive and should be used temporarily, it may be best to begin with NSAIDs and Ativan, should you need it, and only use medications like oxycodone if absolutely necessary. Opioids can also interfere with your ability to have a bowel movement after surgery, so ask your doctor how soon you can stop them to prevent this side effect.
Non-pharmaceutical treatments
You can also aid in your own recovery by avoiding any activities that involve heavy lifting or pulling. Some people find that sitz baths help ease post-surgical discomfort. A sitz bath involves soaking the anal area in a few inches of warm salt water several times a day for about 10–15 minutes each time. When you follow up with your doctor, they’ll probably recommend: •diet changes, such as eating foods high in fiber and staying hydrated •making lifestyle changes, working toward a healthier weight •adopting a regular exercise program These adjustments will reduce the likelihood of hemorrhoids recurring. Although individual recovery times vary, many people can expect to see symptoms resolve with about 1–2 weeks. Shop for stool softeners online.
Complications are rare. Some bleeding from the rectum after hemorrhoid surgery is normal. However, you should call a doctor in the following scenarios:
•You pass a bowel movement that is mostly or heavily bloody.
•You’re experiencing severe pain in anal or abdominal areas.
•You have diarrhea.
•You have a fever.
•You’re not able to pass urine.
There’s a variety of surgical treatments for hemorrhoids. Some are outpatient, minimally invasive, and require no anesthetics. Others require hospitalization and anesthesia and will require post-operative recovery.
Your doctor will examine you to identify the type of hemorrhoids you have and their grade or degree of severity and determine the best course of treatment.
- Debra Stang
Feb 1, 2023 · Hemorrhoidectomy. Surgery to remove hemorrhoids is called hemorrhoidectomy. The doctor makes small cuts around the anus to slice them away. You may get local anesthesia (the area being operated on ...
Oct 16, 2020 · Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove hemorrhoids. It’s usually a treatment of last resort when less invasive interventions have failed. ... Surgical removal of hemorrhoids may be ...
- Ann Pietrangelo
Jul 16, 2021 · An additional option for internal hemorrhoid removal is a surgical procedure called doppler-guided transanal hemorrhoidal artery ligation (HAL). The surgeon inserts a special tube called an anoscope a few inches into the anus to locate each hemorrhoid's arterial blood supply.
Aug 25, 2023 · Hemorrhoid removal, also called a hemorrhoidectomy. Your surgeon removes extra tissue that causes bleeding by using one of various techniques. The surgery can be done with a local anesthetic combined with a medicine to help you feel calm or less anxious, also called a sedative.
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Feb 13, 2019 · Hemorrhoid surgery is an effective way of removing hemorrhoids that cause symptoms. There are several types, and recovery time may be a few weeks. Learn more about hemorrhoid surgery here.
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