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Soil chemistry is the study of the chemical characteristics of soil. ... This result based on the mass of soil allows comparisons between different soils and ...
- Introduction
- Soil Solution
- Soil Colloids
- Cation Exchange in Soils
- Anion Adsorption and Exchange
- Soil Ph
- Soil Salinity and Sodicity
- Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
- Summary
- References
Soil chemistry is a branch of soil science that deals with the chemical composition, chemical reactions and chemical properties in soils. Abioticphases of the soil include solids (organic matter and inorganic minerals), liquids (soil water), and gases (soil air), while the biotic phase consists of living organisms. Soil, therefore, is a dynamic liv...
Soil water, including dissolved solutes, is referred to as the soil solution and is the lifeblood of soil. All chemical reactions, mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions, ion exchange reactions, redox reactions, and nutrient uptake by plants occur in, or are mediated by the soil solution. Without soil water, very few chemical or biological rea...
The soil colloidal fraction is defined as that fraction of the soil made up collectively of small (<0.002 mm) inorganic and organic particles (Brady and Weil, 2010). The high specific surface areaand the presence of electric charges on most particles are responsible for important soil characteristics such as swelling capacity, the ability of the so...
Negatively charged surfaces on soil colloids attract cations by electrostatic forces. Cations retained by soil colloids may be eventually released to the soil solution through exchange with other cations in the soil solution. The cations most commonly held by soil colloidal particles are Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, H+ and Al3+. Of these, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, a...
Soils are able to retain anions in a similar fashion to retaining cations, particularly in the lower pH range when the surfaces of some colloids (e.g., oxy-hydroxides) have positive charges. Retention of anions through adsorption varies from one anion to another. Some anions are retained through non-specific adsorption mechanisms, while others are ...
Soil pH is a measure of the activity(cf. concentration) of hydrogen ions in the soil solution and describes the acidity or alkalinity in the soil. For our discussion herein we define activity as “effective” concentration, whereby activity is roughly equal to concentration in dilute solutions but generally deviating from concentration (typically bec...
Soil salinity levels are controlled by the concentration of total dissolved mineral salts present in the soil solution. Salts occur naturally in both soil and water and may, under certain conditions, accumulate in soil. The accumulation of soluble salts in the soil is known as salinization. Dissolved salts that contribute to soil salinity include t...
Oxidation-reduction reactions, or redox reactions, involve the transfer of electrons and the conversion of an element from one valence state to another. Understanding the behaviour of redox sensitive elements in soil is central to understanding the behaviour of Gleysolic and Organic soils, and gleyed soil subgroups that occur within all mineral soi...
Soil chemistry involves the study of the chemical composition, chemical properties and chemical reactions involving soil solids (organic matter and inorganic minerals), liquids (soil water), gases...Soil chemical properties are largely influenced by the type and quantity of inorganic minerals present in the soil and the organic matter (humus) content. Inorganic colloids mainly include phyllosi...The presence of surface charges in both inorganic minerals and humus particles is responsible for ion adsorption and exchange in soils. Most charges are permanent (not dependent on soil pH) and neg...Negative charges on soil particles can attract and adsorb cations, which can be released back to the soil solution through ion exchange. Cation exchange capacity, defined as the sum of total exchan...Acton D.F., and Gregorich L.J. 1995. The health of our soils: toward sustainable agriculture in Canada. Agriculture Agri-Food Canada, CDR Unit, Ottawa. Bowen H.J.M. 1979. Environmental chemistry of the elements. Academic Press, London, New York. Brady N.C. and Weil, R.R. 2010. The Nature and Properties of Soils 13th Ed. Pearson Education. Canada De...
Oct 29, 2019 · Soil chemistry is the branch of soil science that deals with the chemical composition, chemical properties, and chemical reactions of soils. Soils are heterogeneous mixtures of air, water, inorganic and organic solids, and microorganisms (both plant and animal in nature). No two soils are exactly alike.
- Donald L. Sparks
- 2019
Jun 26, 2021 · Soil chemistry is primarily concerned with the chemical reactions associated with the many phases incorporated within the soil mixture. Soil chemistry is an ever-expanding field that traditionally focused on chemical reactions that affected plant growth and nutrition, and has since expanded to include water and soil contaminants and their effects on plants, animals, and humans.
Soil chemistry is the study of how the elements and their compounds are distributed between and within the three principal phases that comprise the soil, the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases. By studying cation exchange reactions, we seek to understand and predict how positively charged ions are distributed between the solid and liquid phases.
soil chemistry, discipline embracing all chemical and mineralogical compounds and reactions occurring in soils and soil-forming processes. The goals of soil chemistry are: (1) to establish, through chemical analysis, compositional limits of natural soil types and optimal growth conditions for the various plant communities, (2) to derive ...
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Oct 29, 2019 · Abstract. Soil chemistry is the branch of soil science that deals with the chemical composition, chemical properties, and chemical reactions of soils. Soils are heterogeneous mixtures of air, water, inorganic and organic solids, and microorganisms (both plant and animal in nature). No two soils are exactly alike.
