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The implied contrast, of course, was between the totalitarian regime of what was then the Soviet Union (as a closed society) and the Western democracies (as open societies). Popper's arguments were rightly seen as decisive logical refutation of the very foundations of Marxism —both its claim to scientific status, and its claim to reveal the course of future history.
Open society (French: société ouverte) is a term coined by French philosopher Henri Bergson in 1932, [1] [2] and describes a dynamic system inclined to moral universalism. [3] Bergson contrasted an open society with what he called a closed society, a closed system of law, morality or religion. Bergson suggests that if all traces of ...
Feb 19, 2023 · In the following, we will first approach the essential differences between open and closed societies (Sect. 4.1), before going on to examples of world views for the closure of societies (Sect. 4.2). This is followed by a discussion of the currently virulent valorization of sensibilities and their importance for the generation of implicit ligatures (Sect. 4.3 ).
Sep 24, 2016 · Three considerations about the open society precede Plessner’s reflections: (1) an ethnic-historical one, which traces back to Wundt’s differentiation between state and tribe; (2) a sociological one, which Tönnies has shaped with the terms society and community; and (3) an ethical one, which results from the demand to abandon the closed society in favor of an open one. Plessner ...
A closed society is one in which an individual’s role and function can theoretically never be changed, as in the traditional Hindu caste system. An open society, on the other hand, allows the individual to change his role and to benefit from corresponding changes in status.…. Other articles where closed society is discussed: minority: A ...
Systems of stratification vary in their degree of vertical social mobility. Some societies are more open in this regard, while some are more closed. The major systems of stratification are slavery, estate systems, caste systems, and class systems. Some Western European nations are not classless but still have much less economic inequality than ...
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Jun 27, 2024 · The contrast between closed and open societies is related to attempts to differentiate ‘traditional’ from ‘modern’ societies, such as Spencer’s distinction between ‘militant’ and ‘industrial’ types of society (which influenced Bergson), Tönnies’ notion of communal social relations (Gemeinschaft) as opposed to contractual ones (Gesellschaft), and Durkheim’s distinction ...
