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Feb 7, 2006 · It requires the consent of the federal government and seven provinces with at least 50 per cent Canada’s population. The court also ruled that abolishing the Senate would need the consent of the federal government and all 10 provinces.
- Fundamental freedoms. Everyone in Canada is free to practise any religion or no religion at all. We are free to think our own thoughts, speak our minds, to gather peacefully into groups and to associate with whomever we wish, as long as we do not infringe valid laws which protect the rights and interests of others.
- Democratic rights. Every Canadian citizen has the right to vote in elections for Members of Parliament and representatives in provincial and territorial legislatures, and to seek election themselves, subject to certain limited exceptions (for example, minimum voting age), which have been found to be reasonable and justifiable.
- Mobility rights. Canadian citizens have the right to enter, remain in, or leave the country. Canadian citizens and permanent residents have the right to live or seek work anywhere in Canada.
- Legal rights. Everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age, or mental or physical disability, is equal before the law.
- Powers of the Parliament of Canada. The powers of Parliament, enumerated in ss. 91 and 92 (10) of the Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982, concern matters of national interest (see also notes).
- Exclusive Powers of Provincial Legislatures. The exclusive powers of Provincial legislatures, enumerated in ss. 92, 92(A) and 93 of the Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982, concern matters of a local nature (also see notes).
- Concurrent/Shared Powers. Concurrent powers are specified in ss. 94A and s. 95 of the Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982 (also see notes): Old age pensions (see note 51)
- Residuary Power. The Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982, s. 91, confer on the Federal Parliament the power " to make Laws for the Peace, Order and good Government of Canada, in relation to all Matters not coming within the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces".
Section 1 of the Charter allows the government to put limits on rights and freedoms if that limit: Section 33 of the Charter, also called the notwithstanding clause, allows Canada’s Parliament, provincial and territorial legislatures to pass laws that may violate certain Charter rights.
The federal legislative power consists of two chambers: the Senate, made up of senators appointed by the government, and. the House of Commons, made up of Members of Parliament elected by the Canadian population.
Canada’s system of government has three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each one has separate powers and responsibilities that are defined in the Constitution: the legislative branch passes laws, the executive implements them, and the judicial interprets them.
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Feb 20, 2024 · Charter rights. Canada’s laws ensure that our society is orderly and our rights are protected. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is part of the Canadian Constitution and sets out the fundamental rights and freedoms the Canadian government must uphold.
