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    • Dust, smoke, pollen, spores, bacteria and viruses

      Image courtesy of herbsetc.com

      herbsetc.com

      • Even when the air seems to be completely clear, it is full of atmospheric particles - invisible solid and semisolid bits of matter, including dust, smoke, pollen, spores, bacteria and viruses.
      www.earthfacts.com/atmosphere/particlesatmosphere/
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  2. There are also many, tiny, solid or liquid particles, called aerosols, in the atmosphere. Aerosols can be made of dust, spores and pollen, salt from sea spray, volcanic ash, smoke, and pollutants introduced through human activity.

    • Gases
    • Water Vapor
    • Aerosols
    • Atmospheric Chemistry
    • Chemistry of The Air

    The most abundant naturally occurring gas is nitrogen (N2), which makes up about 78% of air. Oxygen (O2) is the second most abundant gas at about 21%. The inert gas argon (Ar) is the third most abundant gas at 0.93%. There are also trace amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), neon (Ne), helium (He), methane (CH4), krypton (Kr), hydrogen (H2), nitrous oxi...

    Due to the water cycle, the amount of water in the air is constantly changing. The lower troposphere can contain up to 4% water vapor (H2O) in areas near the tropics, while the poles contain only trace amounts of water vapor. The concentration of water vapor decreases drastically with altitude. The upper troposphere has less water vapor than air ne...

    Air also contains tiny solid particles called aerosols, such as dust, sea salt, and ash from erupting volcanoes or forest fires. Many of these particles are so small that they are microscopic. Others are large enough to see. Aerosols affect climate by helping clouds form and shading the planet by scattering or absorbing sunlight. In the last centur...

    Like everything on Earth, the air is made of chemicals. The chemicals in the air often combine with each other, or with other chemicals from the Earth’s surface, through chemical reactions. Many of these chemical reactions help maintain healthy natural environments and are vital for plants and animals. Nitrogen gas in the atmosphere does almost not...

    The table below lists the major gas components and their role in the atmosphere. Click on each molecule name to learn more about them.

  3. The few gas molecules that are in the thermosphere are mostly oxygen, nitrogen and helium. Aurora (Northern Lights/Southern Lights) Auroras happen when particles from the Sun interact with gases in our atmosphere, causing beautiful displays of light in the sky.

  4. The atmosphere of Earth is composed of a layer of gas mixture that surrounds the Earth's planetary surface (both lands and oceans), known collectively as air, with variable quantities of suspended aerosols and particulates (which create weather features such as clouds and hazes), all retained by Earth's gravity.

  5. Particles of dust, soil, fecal matter, metals, salt, smoke, ash, and other solids make up a small percentage of the atmosphere. Particles provide starting points (or nuclei) for water vapor to condense on and form raindrops.

  6. Jul 2, 2024 · The atmosphere surrounds the Earth and holds the air we breathe; it protects us from outer space; and holds moisture (clouds), gases, and tiny particles. In short, the atmosphere is the protective bubble in which we live.

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