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Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union, followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970. Pioneer Venus 2 contained the first spacecraft to land from the United States, the Day ...
NASA's Pioneer Venus 1 was the first of a two-spacecraft orbiter-probe combination designed to study the atmosphere of Venus. It was the first American spacecraft to orbit Venus. The second spacecraft was launched a few months later. Pioneer Venus 1 used radar to map the surface of Venus. The probe found Venus to be generally smoother than ...
- United States of America (USA)
- Pioneer Venus Orbiter
- Venus Orbit
- 1,283 pounds (582 kilograms)
Nov 9, 2017 · Venus: Exploration. Dozens of spacecraft have launched to explore Venus, but not all have been successful. NASA's Mariner 2 was the first spacecraft to visit any planet beyond Earth when it flew past Venus on Dec. 14, 1962. NASA is planning two new missions to Venus: VERITAS, and DAVINCI. All NASA Science Missions.
Mariner 1 was the first of two spacecraft NASA designed to send to Venus. Each carried a modest suite (about 20 pounds or 9 kilograms) of scientific instrumentation but had no imaging capability. The spacecraft included 54,000 components and were designed to maintain contact with Earth for about 15 weeks. Mariner 1 lifted off on July 22, 1962 ...
- United States of America
- P-37 / Mariner R-1
- Venus Flyby
- 447 pounds (202.8 kilograms)
Mariner 2 (Mariner-Venus 1962), an American space probe to Venus, was the first robotic space probe to report successfully from a planetary encounter. The first successful spacecraft in the NASA Mariner program, it was a simplified version of the Block I spacecraft of the Ranger program and an exact copy of Mariner 1.
Sep 14, 2020 · Mariner 2 was the first American spacecraft to make it to Venus, in 1962. It determined that temperatures were cooler higher in the clouds, but extremely hot on the surface.
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Jul 25, 2022 · While Mariner 1 constituted the first American attempt to reach another planet, the Soviet Union made the first attempts to reach Venus the previous year. Of two tries in 1961, only one, called Venera 1, left Earth orbit, on Feb. 12. Unfortunately, by early March, with the spacecraft 4.6 million miles from Earth, Soviet controllers lost contact ...
