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The original 1802 constitution made the legislature the most powerful branch of the state government. It appointed most executive branch officers and judges, and the governor lacked a veto over its decisions.
Jun 9, 2017 · The proposed constitution addressed several concerns about the 1803 version: It expanded the governor’s power (although it did not give the governor veto power) and created the position of lieutenant governor. It imposed substantive and procedural restrictions on the General Assembly.
Like the United States Constitution, the Ohio Constitution organizes state government into three separate branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. Each branch is independent of the other two and has defined powers and responsibilities.
The legislative branch, the Ohio General Assembly, is made up of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives is composed of 99 members elected from single-member districts of equal population.
The convention representatives agreed to refine the Governor's veto power over legislation and to give legislators the authority to pass labor laws. Delegates also decided to grant municipalities "home rule" authority – the power of a local government to self-regulate.
Article II outlines the structure and powers of the legislative branch of Ohio government. The 1802 Constitution established a bicameral General Assembly, but the Jeffersonian Republicans, who dominated Ohio’s first constitutional convention, vested near-absolute power in the legislative branch.
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Ohio is admitted to the Union as the 17th state. At the same time, Marbury v. Madison becomes the first case in which the U.S. Supreme Court declares an act of Congress unconstitutional, establishing the power of judicial review and ensuring the judiciary as a coequal branch of government. It also puts the federal government