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- The pericardium is the membrane that encloses the heart and the roots of the major heart vessels, consisting of an outer fibrous layer (fibrous pericardium) and an inner double serous membrane layer (serous pericardium).
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Nov 3, 2023 · Heart and some of its great vessels in a cadaver: Surrounding the heart, you can see several layers which are peeled away, outwardly from the organ. These thin sheets represent the pericardium. When intact, the pericardium forms a sac that encloses the heart.
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- Epicardium. Epicardium (epi-cardium) is the outer layer of the heart wall. It is also known as visceral pericardium as it forms the inner layer of the pericardium.
- Myocardium. Myocardium (myo-cardium) is the middle layer of the heart wall. It is composed of cardiac muscle fibers, which enable heart contractions. The myocardium is the thickest layer of the heart wall, with its thickness varying in different parts of the heart.
- Endocardium. Endocardium (endo-cardium) is the thin inner layer of the heart wall. This layer lines the inner heart chambers, covers heart valves, and is continuous with the endothelium of large blood vessels.
- What Conditions and Disorders Affect The pericardium?
- What Happens If The Pericardium Is damaged?
- What Are The Symptoms of Pericardial Problems?
- What Tests Diagnose Pericardial Problems?
- What Are Common Treatments For Pericardial Conditions and Disorders?
Conditions and disorders that affect the pericardium include: 1. Pericarditis: Inflammation of your pericardium. It’s usually acutebut can also be chronic. 2. Constrictive pericarditis: A condition in which your pericardium becomes too thick or stiff. 3. Pericardial effusion: A buildup of fluid (more than there should be) in your pericardium. 4. Ca...
Normally, your pericardium is flexible and stretchy. It can easily expand with the heart as the heart fills up with blood and then contracts to pump the blood out to your body. Pericardial conditions and disorders prevent your heart from expanding as it should. As a result, your heart can’t fill and pump blood efficiently to the rest of your body. ...
Symptoms depend on the specific condition but generally can include: 1. Chest painthat may feel sharp or radiate to your arm, back or neck. The pain may get worse when you cough, swallow, breathe deeply or lie down flat. 2. Dizziness or fainting. 3. Dry cough. 4. Fast heartbeat (tachycardia) or heart palpitations. 5. Fatigue. 6. Fever. 7. Pain in y...
Your provider may run one or more of the following tests to diagnose pericardial problems: 1. Blood tests to check for infections, immune system conditions and markers of inflammation. 2. Chest X-Ray. 3. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan. 4. Echocardiogram (echo). 5. Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG). 6. Left and right heart catheterization.
Treatment depends on your condition and its severity. Your provider will talk with you about your treatment options and the urgency of your situation. Some common options include: 1. Antibiotics or antifungal medications: Treat underlying infections that cause pericardial diseases. 2. Rheumatologic drugs: Treat underlying rheumatologic disorders su...
Nov 7, 2024 · The fibrous pericardium is the outermost layer of the pericardium. It is a tough, inelastic, and dense connective tissue structure that serves as a protective covering. The fibrous pericardium plays a key role in maintaining the position of the heart within the thoracic cavity by anchoring the heart to nearby structures. Location and Relations:
The pericardium (pl.: pericardia), also called pericardial sac, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels. [1] It has two layers, an outer layer made of strong inelastic connective tissue (fibrous pericardium), and an inner layer made of serous membrane (serous pericardium).
The pericardium is a mesothelium tissue of the thoracic cavity which surrounds the heart. The outer layer, the fibrous pericardium, is comprised of dense connective tissue that protects the heart, anchors it to the surrounding walls, and prevents it from overfilling.
Nov 3, 2023 · The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart. It is actually the visceral layer of the serous pericardium, which adheres to the myocardium of the heart. Histologically, it is made of mesothelial cells, the same as the parietal pericardium.
