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Indigo Revolt, rebellion of peasant farmers in 1859–60 in the Bengal region of northeastern India against British indigo planters. The planters relied on a system in which peasant farmers (ryots) rented land and cultivated it after receiving an advance payment, which led to cycles of debt and exploitation.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Indigo revolt (or Nil bidroha; Bengali: নীল বিদ্রোহ) was a peasant movement and subsequent uprising of indigo farmers against the indigo planters, that arose in Bengal in 1859, and continued for over a year. The village headmen (Mandals) and substantial ryots were the most active and numerous groups who led the peasants ...
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The Indigo Revolt of 1859–60 in Bengal, India, was a peasant movement against the exploitative practices of Indigo planters.The tenants were forced to grow indigo, which was purchased from them at throwaway prices and processed in factories set up by indigo planters, almost all of whom were Europeans. The peasants were naturally enraged by this. Re...
The 1770s saw the start of indigo cultivation in Bengal. Due to the demand for blue dye in Europe at this time, indigo was becoming more and more commercially profitable due to increasing demand caused by Industrial Revolution in Britain. On their own lands, peasants were persuaded to plant indigo rather than food crops by indigo planters. They wer...
Red is supposedly the colour of revolution but it can be blue at times. Thousands of ryots (peasants) in Bengal refused to grow indigo for the European planters (owners of land and indigo factories) during the summer of 1859. It was an act motivated by rage and unyielding resolve. One of the most significant peasant movements in Indian history was ...
The Indigo Revolt was led by Bishnu Biswas and Digambar Biswas who belonged to the Nadia district of Bengal. Later they were joined by peasant leaders from other parts of Bengal.
Some Indigo planters were beheaded following a public trial. Indigo depots were destroyed by the peasants using fire. Land records and debt records were burned. The zamindars were also a target of the peasants of the Indigo rebellions. In most places, the revolt was non-violent. Peasants resorted to social boycotts of planters. Also, they adopted p...
On their own lands, peasants were persuaded to plant indigo rather than food crops by indigo planters. They were offered loans at exorbitant interest rates. However, peasants were paid a very small percentage of the actual market price. This made indigo cultivation unprofitable for the planters. As a result, they could not pay back the loans. Indig...
The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 (or Revolt of 1857) had already made the British feel threatened, and they wanted to avoid another popular uprising. In many areas, Dist Magistrates allowed peasants to gro...The government had to set up the Indigo Commission in 1860. Commission in its report was highly critical of practices adopted by planters. Soon Indigo cultivation stopped in Bengal. However, some p...The long-term consequence of the Indigo revolt was that it inspired the rebellion against the British indigo planters in 1817 that was led in the form of Champaran Satyagrahain Bihar.The Indigo Revolt also inspired important cultural developments like the writing of ‘Neel Darpan’ by Deenbandhu Mitra.Literature, music, and movies were all influenced by Neel Bidroha. Nil Darpan or the “Mirror of Indigo,” a play by Dinabandhu Mitra that was composed in the midst of the movement in 1859, is still regarded as a classic. It described the hardships, repression, and struggle faced by indigo cultivators. The ryots endured deprivation, tyranny, dominanc...
Nov 14, 2022 · The Indigo Revolt (aka Indigo Riots or Blue Mutiny) of 1859-60 in Bengal, India, involved indigo growers going on strike in protest at working conditions and pay.The subsequent violence was aimed at exploitative European plantation owners, but the cause was, during and after, taken up by anti-colonial Indian liberals as an example of the necessity for independence.
- Mark Cartwright
Indigo Revolt in Bengal. They say that the color of revolution is red. Not always. Sometimes, it’s blue. It was the Summer of 1859 in Bengal when thousands of ryots (peasants) refused to grow indigo for the European planters (owners of land and indigo factories). It was a show of rage and undying resolve.
The Indigo revolt, also known as the Nil Bidroha, was a peasant movement against the exploitative practices of British indigo planters in Bengal from 1859-1860. Thousands of farmers refused to grow indigo and attacked indigo factories in protest. The revolt spread across Bengal and forced the British colonial government to investigate and eventually prohibit the coercive indigo cultivation system.
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Biswanath Sardar led the rebellion in Jessore, Nadia and 24 Parganas. [3] The indigo planters forced the peasants to plant indigo instead of food crops. They provided loans, called dadon, at a very high interest. Subsequently, the farmer remained in debt for his whole life before passing it to his successors.
