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The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula (Arabic: فَتْحُ الأَنْدَلُس, romanized:fataḥ al-andalus), also known as the Arab conquest of Spain, [ 1 ] by the Umayyad Caliphate occurred between approximately 711 and the 720s. The conquest resulted in the destruction of the Christian Visigothic Kingdom of Spain and led to the ...
- 711-720s
- Muslim victory
- Iberian Peninsula
- Establishment of Al-Andalus
- Stability
- The Golden Age
- A Golden Age of Religious Tolerance?
- Life For Non-Muslims in Islamic Spain
- Why Were Non-Muslims Tolerated in Islamic Spain?
- Oppression in Later Islamic Spain
Stability in Muslim Spain came with the establishment of the Andalusian Umayyad dynasty, which lasted from 756 to 1031. The credit goes to Amir Abd al-Rahman, who founded the Emirate of Cordoba, and was able to get the various different Muslim groups who had conquered Spain to pull together in ruling it.
The Muslim period in Spain is often described as a 'golden age' of learning where libraries, colleges, public baths were established and literature, poetry and architecture flourished. Both Muslims and non-Muslims made major contributions to this flowering of culture.
Islamic Spain is sometimes described as a 'golden age' of religious and ethnic tolerance and interfaith harmony between Muslims, Christians and Jews. Some historians believe this idea of a golden age is false and might lead modern readers to believe, wrongly, that Muslim Spain was tolerant by the standards of 21st century Britain. The true position...
Jews and Christians did retain some freedom under Muslim rule, providing they obeyed certain rules. Although these rules would now be considered completely unacceptable, they were not much of a burden by the standards of the time, and in many ways the non-Muslims of Islamic Spain (at least before 1050) were treated better than conquered peoples mig...
There were several reasons why the Muslim rulers tolerated rival faiths: 1. Judaism and Christianity were monotheistic faiths, so arguably their members were worshipping the same God 1.1. despite having some wayward beliefs and practices, such as the failure to accept the significance of Muhammad and the Qur'an 2. The Christians outnumbered the Mus...
Not all the Muslim rulers of Spain were tolerant. Almanzor looted churches and imposed strict restrictions. The position of non-Muslims in Spain deteriorated substantially from the middle of the 11th century as the rulers became more strict and Islam came under greater pressure from outside. Christians were not allowed taller houses than Muslims, c...
Al-Andalus, Muslim kingdom that occupied much of the Iberian Peninsula from 711 ce until the collapse of the Spanish Umayyad dynasty in the early 11th century. The Arabic name Al-Andalus was originally applied by the Muslims (Moors) to the entire Iberian Peninsula; it likely refers to the Vandals who occupied the region in the 5th century.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Al-Andalus[ a ] (Arabic: الأَنْدَلُس) was the Muslim -ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula. The name describes the different Muslim [ 1 ][ 2 ] states that controlled these territories at various times between 711 and 1492. At its greatest geographical extent, it occupied most of the peninsula [ 3 ][ 4 ][ 5 ] as well as Septimania ...
Detail of the Cantiga #63 (13th century), which deals with a late 10th-century battle in San Esteban de Gormaz involving the troops of Count García and Almanzor. [1]The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for ' reconquest ') [a] or the reconquest of al-Andalus [b] was a series of military and cultural campaigns that European Christian kingdoms waged against the Muslim kingdoms following the ...
Jan 9, 2017 · Muslim invaders first came to Spain in 711, and for the next 750 years ruled over the majority of the Iberian peninsular as the territory of al-Andalus. Though they were defeated and their advance halted in 732 in south-western France at the Battle of Tours, the countries that are now Spain and Portugal remained in Islamic hands.
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In 711 an army of Arabs and Berbers from North Africa, united by their faith in Islam, crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and arrived on the Iberian Peninsula. In less than a decade the Muslims brought most of the peninsula under their domination; they called the Iberian lands they controlled al-Andalus. Although the borders of al-Andalus shifted over the centuries, the Muslims remained a ...
