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May 14, 2019 · Marx continued to work on Capital Volume 1 long after its first publication in 1867. In revising Volume 1 for the 1872–1875 French edition, Marx put more emphasis on colonialism, imperialism, and precapitalist societies and elaborated on his studies of the corporations in the UK, the USA, and Germany.
- Lucia Pradella
- lucia.pradella@kcl.ac.uk
- How Did Capitalism Lead to Imperialism?
- Karl Marx's Viewpoints
- J.A. Hobson's View
- Vladimir Lenin's Viewpoint
- Modern Historiographical Interpretations by Leading Scholars
- What Other Factors Contributed?
- Works Cited
- Questions & Answers
Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, European and Western nations scrambled to the far corners of the globe in an attempt to establish vast imperial networks. This was often done through the conquest and exploitation of indigenous populations. By 1914, virtually no country, continent, or locality was left unscathed from the imperial a...
According to Karl Marx, the expansion of imperialism was directly linked to a growth in capitalism due to one fundamental reason: the fact that capitalism was a worldwide system and unable to be constrained within the boundaries of a single country or nation-state (Chandra, 39). This viewpoint of Marx is reiterated by historian Bipan Chandra who st...
In 1902, J.A. Hobson—a social democrat—argued along similar lines to Marx by stating that the growth of imperialism was directly correlated with an expansion of capitalism as well. According to Hobson, imperialism resulted from a capitalist desire for additional (outside) markets. As production capabilities in capitalist countries increased over ti...
In a similar manner to Hobson, Vladimir Lenin also linked the desire for foreign markets and imperial expansion to growth in capitalism as well. However, in contrast to Hobson, Lenin viewed the advent of imperialism as “a special stage of capitalism”—an unavoidable transition that inevitably set the stage for global revolution (www.marxists.org). A...
While it is clear that Marx, Hobson, and Lenin all understood imperialism to be a by-product of capitalism, historians remain divided over the effects that this intertwining of capitalism and imperialism had upon the world at large. This issue is particularly evident in the discussion of British rule in India from the eighteenth to the twentieth ce...
In closing, the link between growth in capitalism and the expansion of imperialism remains a highly relevant issue for historians today. While it is true that political factors may have also played a role in the decision to colonize foreign lands, one cannot ignore the potential economic elements of imperialism as well. In the end, historians will ...
Chandra, Bipan. “Karl Marx, His Theories of Asian Societies, and Colonial Rule,” Review (Fernand Braudel Center), Vol. 5, No. 1(Summer, 1981): 31-47.Chandra, Bipan. “Reinterpretation of Nineteenth-Century Economic History,” Nationalism and Colonialism in British India. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2010.Davis, Mike. Late Victorian Holocausts: El Nino Famines and the Making of the Third World. London/New York: Verso, 2001.Fieldhouse, D.K. “Imperialism: An Historiographical Revision,” The Economic History Review, Vol. 14 No. 2(1961): 187-209.Question:Was imperialism a result of overproduction and underconsumption? Answer:As the Industrial Revolution helped various industries to expand, it also allowed for an increased production of material goods. As more and more materials entered the market, however, prices for these commodities began to fall as well (due to overproduction); resultin...
With uncharacteristic clarity, Karl Marx (1818–1883) had set the agenda for thousands of his contemporaries and hundreds of millions of people in subsequent generations. Changing the world is what Marxism is all about, and yet neither Karl Marx nor his life-long colleague and executor Friedrich Engels (1820–1895) ever developed a theory of imperialism.
Sep 20, 2016 · When writing The Communist Manifesto in 1848, Marx and Engels gave a significant direct role for colonialism and imperialism in its broadest sense as part of the development of a capitalist global economy which they appealed to the workers of the world, not just those of Europe, to rise against. There are many Marxist theories of imperialism, but broadly speaking they divide up between ...
Marx's theory of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall was considered particularly important to later theorists of imperialism, as it seemed to explain why capitalist enterprises consistently require areas of higher profitability to expand into. [10] Marx also noted the need for the capitalist mode of production as a whole to constantly ...
‘Imperialism’ in Marx’s usage Karl Marx grew up in a reasonably well-to-do, caring, and harmonious middle-class family in the Rhenish town of Trier. His father was a lawyer, an enlightened man, and a moderate liberal who had converted from Judaism to Protestantism only a short time before Karl Marx was born.
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cannot actually be reached. Marx already rejected “ultra-imperialism”scenarios;forhim,asweshall discuss, accumulation enhances capital competi-tion, which expresses itself in increasing inter-capitalist and interstate antagonisms (Marx 1996, p. 414). In Chapter 24, “Conversion of Surplus-Value into Capital,” Marx proves that expansion-
